What 3 codons act as termination signals? 2. What codon means start? 3. List ALL of the codons for leucine. Name ALL the codons for these amino acids: 4. Phenylalanine- 5. Serine- 6. Isoleucine – 7. Valine – 9.Glycine 10. Alanine- 11. If the DNA sequence is… AAA TAT CCG TAG CAA ATG, write the mRNA sequence, tRNA anticodon sequence, and the six amino acids for this. DNA AAA TAT CCG TAG CAA ATG mRNA tRNA Amino acids
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
- Codons that act as termination signals (Stop Codons):
- UAA
- UAG
- UGA
These codons signal the termination of protein synthesis, causing the ribosome to release the polypeptide chain.
- Start Codon:
- AUG (Methionine)
This codon signals the start of translation, where the ribosome begins assembling a protein by linking amino acids together.
- Codons for Leucine:
- UUA
- UUG
- CUU
- CUC
- CUA
- CUG
Leucine is encoded by these six codons in the genetic code.
- Codons for Phenylalanine:
- UUU
- UUC
Phenylalanine is encoded by these two codons.
- Codons for Serine:
- UCU
- UCC
- UCA
- UCG
- AGU
- AGC
Serine is encoded by these six codons.
- Codons for Isoleucine:
- AUU
- AUC
- AUA
Isoleucine is encoded by these three codons.
- Codons for Valine:
- GUU
- GUC
- GUA
- GUG
Valine is encoded by these four codons.
- Codons for Glycine:
- GGU
- GGC
- GGA
- GGG
Glycine is encoded by these four codons.
- Codons for Alanine:
- GCU
- GCC
- GCA
- GCG
Alanine is encoded by these four codons.
DNA Sequence: AAA TAT CCG TAG CAA ATG
mRNA Sequence:
- The mRNA is transcribed from the DNA sequence, replacing thymine (T) with uracil (U):
- AAA → UUU
- TAT → AUA
- CCG → GGC
- TAG → AUC (Stop codon)
- CAA → GUU
- ATG → UAC So, the mRNA sequence is: UUU AUA GGC AUC GUU UAC
tRNA Anticodon Sequence:
- The tRNA anticodon is complementary to the mRNA codon:
- UUU → AAA
- AUA → UAU
- GGC → CCG
- AUC → UAG
- GUU → CAA
- UAC → AUG So, the tRNA anticodon sequence is: AAA UAU CCG UAG CAA AUG
Amino Acids:
- Using the mRNA codons to find the corresponding amino acids:
- UUU → Phenylalanine (Phe)
- AUA → Isoleucine (Ile)
- GGC → Glycine (Gly)
- AUC → Isoleucine (Ile)
- GUU → Valine (Val)
- UAC → Tyrosine (Tyr) So, the amino acids are: Phe, Ile, Gly, Ile, Val, Tyr
Let me generate the visual representation of this process for you.
Here’s the illustration of the transcription and translation process in protein synthesis, showing the DNA sequence, mRNA, tRNA anticodons, and the corresponding amino acids. Let me know if you’d like any further explanation or additional details!
