Identify the example of when situation and time are key to assessing risk of harm in a research study:
- Research on the prevalence of retired individuals who have been harassed in different academic disciplines
- A study on the efficacy of a behavioral intervention for smoking cessation that involves both adults and teenagers in the United States
- A survey with educators on their experience about implementation of a novel preschool program
- A study asking women if they have completed an advanced degree and what city they were born in
The correct answer and explanation is:
Correct Answer:
A study on the efficacy of a behavioral intervention for smoking cessation that involves both adults and teenagers in the United States.
Explanation:
In research ethics, assessing the risk of harm involves evaluating how the study’s design, timing, and context influence participant safety and well-being. The study on the efficacy of a behavioral intervention for smoking cessation, which includes both adults and teenagers, is a clear example where situation and time are crucial factors in assessing risk.
Why Situation Matters
The context of the research is critical because it involves human behavior, health, and substance use (smoking). Since teenagers are involved, the study must address additional ethical concerns, including parental consent, psychological impact, and potential unintended consequences, such as peer pressure or increased awareness of smoking behaviors. There is also a risk that discussing smoking cessation could introduce teenagers to the habit rather than discourage it, making careful study design essential.
Why Time Matters
The timing of the study plays a key role in assessing risk because smoking behaviors and their impact vary over time. The length of the intervention, follow-ups, and withdrawal effects must be considered. If the study is conducted at a sensitive time—such as during a stressful academic period—it could influence participants’ mental well-being and adherence to the intervention. Furthermore, teenagers are still developing physically and mentally, making the timing of exposure to smoking-related discussions crucial.
Ethical Considerations
Researchers must ensure that both teenagers and adults are provided with appropriate support, confidentiality, and safeguards against unintended harm. Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) require additional protections for minors, ensuring that the study minimizes risks while maximizing benefits.
This example highlights the necessity of considering both the situation and time to effectively manage risks and ensure ethical research practices.
Here is the conceptual illustration of a research study on smoking cessation involving both adults and teenagers. The image captures a professional and ethical research setting, emphasizing the importance of timing and responsible study design. Let me know if you need any modifications!
