In an aqueous solution, classify these compounds as strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases, or other.
Strong acid Weak acid Strong base Weak base Other
CH3COOH
KOH
H₃PO₄
NH3
ΗΝΟ,
NaCl
HCN
HCI
(CH3)3N
Ba(OH)2
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here is the correct classification of the given compounds:
- Strong acids: HNO₃ (Nitric acid), HCl (Hydrochloric acid)
- Weak acids: CH₃COOH (Acetic acid), H₃PO₄ (Phosphoric acid), HCN (Hydrocyanic acid)
- Strong bases: KOH (Potassium hydroxide), Ba(OH)₂ (Barium hydroxide)
- Weak bases: NH₃ (Ammonia), (CH₃)₃N (Trimethylamine)
- Other (neutral salts, non-acidic or non-basic compounds): NaCl (Sodium chloride)
Explanation (300 Words):
Acids and bases in aqueous solutions are classified based on their ability to ionize or dissociate in water. Strong acids completely ionize in solution, releasing all of their hydrogen ions (H⁺), whereas weak acids only partially dissociate. Similarly, strong bases fully dissociate to produce hydroxide ions (OH⁻), while weak bases only partially ionize.
- Strong acids: HNO₃ and HCl are strong acids because they completely ionize in water, producing a high concentration of H₃O⁺ (hydronium) ions.
- Weak acids: CH₃COOH (Acetic acid), H₃PO₄ (Phosphoric acid), and HCN (Hydrocyanic acid) are weak acids because they only partially ionize in water, establishing an equilibrium between ionized and non-ionized forms.
- Strong bases: KOH (Potassium hydroxide) and Ba(OH)₂ (Barium hydroxide) are strong bases as they fully dissociate into K⁺, Ba²⁺, and OH⁻ ions, making the solution strongly basic.
- Weak bases: NH₃ (Ammonia) and (CH₃)₃N (Trimethylamine) are weak bases because they only partially react with water to form OH⁻ ions.
- Other (Neutral Compounds): NaCl (Sodium chloride) is a neutral salt that does not affect pH when dissolved in water, as it comes from a strong acid (HCl) and a strong base (NaOH).
This classification is essential in chemistry, especially in pH calculations, acid-base titrations, and buffer solution preparations.
Now, I will generate an image representing the classification.
Here is the educational chart visually classifying the given chemical compounds into strong acids, weak acids, strong bases, weak bases, and neutral compounds. Let me know if you need any modifications!
