What are the reactions (with phases) and their balanced equation for a.)AgNO3+Na2SO4? b.)Pb(NO3)2+Na2SO4? c.) CaCl2+Na2SO4?
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the balanced chemical equations with phases for the given reactions:
(a) Silver Nitrate and Sodium Sulfate
Reaction:
[
2AgNO_3 (aq) + Na_2SO_4 (aq) \rightarrow Ag_2SO_4 (s) + 2NaNO_3 (aq)
]
Explanation:
When silver nitrate ((AgNO_3)) reacts with sodium sulfate ((Na_2SO_4)), a double displacement reaction occurs, forming silver sulfate ((Ag_2SO_4)) as a precipitate and sodium nitrate ((NaNO_3)), which remains dissolved. Silver sulfate is slightly soluble, meaning some of it precipitates out.
(b) Lead(II) Nitrate and Sodium Sulfate
Reaction:
[
Pb(NO_3)_2 (aq) + Na_2SO_4 (aq) \rightarrow PbSO_4 (s) + 2NaNO_3 (aq)
]
Explanation:
Lead(II) nitrate ((Pb(NO_3)_2)) reacts with sodium sulfate ((Na_2SO_4)) to produce lead(II) sulfate ((PbSO_4)) as a precipitate and sodium nitrate ((NaNO_3)) in solution. Lead sulfate is highly insoluble, forming a white precipitate that settles out.
(c) Calcium Chloride and Sodium Sulfate
Reaction:
[
CaCl_2 (aq) + Na_2SO_4 (aq) \rightarrow CaSO_4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
]
Explanation:
Calcium chloride ((CaCl_2)) and sodium sulfate ((Na_2SO_4)) undergo a double displacement reaction, forming calcium sulfate ((CaSO_4)), which precipitates out, and sodium chloride ((NaCl)), which remains dissolved. Calcium sulfate is sparingly soluble in water and forms a precipitate under certain conditions.
General Explanation (300 Words)
Each of these reactions is a double displacement reaction, where the cations and anions of the reactants exchange partners to form new products. These reactions occur because some of the resulting compounds are insoluble in water, leading to precipitation.
- Solubility Rules and Precipitation:
- Silver sulfate (Ag₂SO₄) is only partially soluble in water, so a precipitate forms.
- Lead(II) sulfate (PbSO₄) is highly insoluble, meaning it will form a dense precipitate.
- Calcium sulfate (CaSO₄) is sparingly soluble, forming a precipitate under most conditions.
These precipitation reactions are important in qualitative analysis, where specific ions are identified based on their precipitate formation. For example, Pb²⁺ can be detected using sulfate ions because lead sulfate is a well-known insoluble white solid.
Industrially, these reactions are useful in water treatment, where insoluble compounds are removed from solutions. Lead removal from drinking water can be achieved using sulfate ions, as lead sulfate will precipitate out.
Additionally, medical applications exist, such as the use of calcium sulfate in bone repair due to its moderate solubility, allowing controlled release of calcium ions.
Now, I will generate an image depicting these reactions.
Here is the generated scientific diagram illustrating the three chemical reactions, including the balanced equations, phase labels, and visual representations of precipitate formation. Let me know if you need any modifications!
