What theory of emotion states that the emotion typically occurs before arousal and behavior?
a. the original, or common-sense, theory
b. Schachter and Singer’s theory
c. Cannon and Bard’s theory
d. James and Lange’s theory
Which theory of emotion relies heavily on cognition and labeling?
a. the original, or common-sense, theory
b. Schachter and Singer’s theory
c. Cannon and Bard’s theory
d. James and Lange’s theory
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Answers
- Correct Answer: c. Cannon and Bard’s theory
- Correct Answer: b. Schachter and Singer’s theory
Explanations
- Cannon and Bard’s Theory of Emotion:
The theory proposed by Cannon and Bard states that emotions and physiological responses such as arousal occur simultaneously and independently. According to this theory, when an emotionally provocative event occurs, the thalamus sends signals simultaneously to the body, causing physiological arousal, and to the brain’s cortex, causing the subjective experience of emotion. This theory counters the James-Lange theory, which suggests that physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotion. In Cannon and Bard’s view, the emotion is not the result of interpreting bodily reactions but occurs parallel to them. Therefore, one does not feel sad because they are crying; instead, both crying and feeling sad happen concurrently. - Schachter and Singer’s Theory of Emotion (Two-Factor Theory):
Schachter and Singer’s theory, also known as the two-factor theory of emotion, posits that emotion is based on two factors: physiological arousal and cognitive labeling. According to this theory, arousal is interpreted in context to produce the emotional experience. This means that individuals will experience physiological arousal first, but the type of emotion they feel depends on their interpretation or cognitive appraisal of what caused that arousal. This theory highlights the role of the environment or the situational cues in shaping what kind of emotion is felt. For instance, if someone experiences arousal while walking alone at night, they might label this arousal as fear; if the same physiological state occurs during a celebration, it might be labeled as excitement or joy.
Image Generation
Now, let’s generate an image that visually represents these theories, showing figures experiencing emotions with simultaneous physiological responses, as well as cognitive labeling in a relevant scenario.
{
"prompt": "A visual representation of two emotion theories. The first part of the image shows a person in a park reacting simultaneously with a frightened facial expression and physiological responses like sweating, depicting Cannon and Bard’s theory. The second part shows another person at a party feeling an increased heart rate and looking around to interpret cues from the environment, depicting Schachter and Singer’s theory. Both scenes include labels and thought bubbles showing cognitive processes and emotional responses, in a clear, educational, comic-strip style.",
"size": "1792x1024"
}Here is a visual representation of the two theories of emotion discussed: Cannon and Bard’s theory and Schachter and Singer’s theory. The image depicts two scenarios illustrating how emotions and physiological responses occur according to each theory, with annotations for better understanding. You can view and explore the details in the image above.
