A solution containing less than the equilibrium amount of solvent is called . A) an unsaturated solution B) a solute C) a supersaturated solution D) a saturated solution. E) a solvent
A solution containing less than the equilibrium amount of solvent is called .
A) an unsaturated solution
B) a solute
C) a supersaturated solution
D) a saturated solution.
E) a solvent
The correct answer and explanation is :
The correct answer is A) an unsaturated solution.
Explanation:
A solution is a homogeneous mixture formed by dissolving a solute (the substance being dissolved) in a solvent (the substance doing the dissolving). The concept of a solution’s saturation level refers to how much solute can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
- Unsaturated solution: An unsaturated solution contains less solute than the solvent is capable of dissolving at a given temperature and pressure. This means there is still room for more solute to dissolve in the solution without any excess solute present. Therefore, if a solution has less solute than the equilibrium amount it can hold, it is termed “unsaturated.” For example, when you dissolve salt in water, and there’s still room for more salt to dissolve, it’s unsaturated.
- Saturated solution: A saturated solution, on the other hand, contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent at a particular temperature and pressure. At this point, if more solute is added, it will not dissolve and will remain as solid, since the solvent has reached its maximum capacity.
- Supersaturated solution: A supersaturated solution occurs when a solution contains more solute than it would normally be able to dissolve under standard conditions. This is typically achieved by heating the solvent and then allowing it to cool slowly. Supersaturated solutions are unstable, and excess solute can crystallize out if disturbed.
- Solvent: The solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute. It is typically the component in a solution present in the largest amount.
- Solute: The solute is the substance that is dissolved in the solvent, which could be in smaller amounts compared to the solvent.
Image Illustration:
Here is an image that illustrates the differences between unsaturated, saturated, and supersaturated solutions. It visually shows the varying amounts of solute dissolved in the solvent, helping to clarify the concepts further.