CH3OH Methanol 1 Number Of Valence Electrons: Lewis Structure Molecular Geometry Drawing 2. Central Atom(S): 5. Molecular Geometry: 3. 6. Ideal Bond Angle(): BG + LP EG + 7. Molecular Polarity 4. Elec, Geometry COF2 Carbonyl Fluoride 1. Number Of Valence Electrons: Lewis Structure Molecular Geometry Drawing 2. Central Atom(S): 5. Molecular Geometry: 3. 6.
The correct answer and explanation is:
CH₃OH (Methanol)
- Number of Valence Electrons:
- Carbon (C) = 4
- Hydrogen (H) = 1 × 4 = 4
- Oxygen (O) = 6
- Total = 14 valence electrons
- Central Atom(s):
- Carbon (C) is the central atom because it is the least electronegative element (besides hydrogen) and can form multiple bonds.
- Molecular Geometry:
- Around Carbon: Tetrahedral
- Around Oxygen: Bent (due to lone pairs)
- Electron Geometry:
- Around Carbon: Tetrahedral
- Around Oxygen: Tetrahedral
- Ideal Bond Angle:
- Carbon: 109.5° (Tetrahedral)
- Oxygen: Approximately 104.5° (Bent, similar to water)
- Molecular Polarity:
- Polar, because of the electronegativity difference between O-H and C-O bonds, creating a dipole moment.
COF₂ (Carbonyl Fluoride)
- Number of Valence Electrons:
- Carbon (C) = 4
- Oxygen (O) = 6
- Fluorine (F) = 7 × 2 = 14
- Total = 24 valence electrons
- Central Atom(s):
- Carbon (C) is the central atom, bonded to oxygen and two fluorine atoms.
- Molecular Geometry:
- Trigonal Planar (AX₃ type)
- Electron Geometry:
- Trigonal Planar (No lone pairs on the central atom)
- Ideal Bond Angle:
- 120°, as expected in a trigonal planar structure.
- Molecular Polarity:
- Polar, because the C=O and C-F bonds create an uneven charge distribution.
Explanation:
The Lewis structure of CH₃OH shows that carbon is bonded to three hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to a hydrogen atom (forming the hydroxyl group -OH). Oxygen has lone pairs, which influence the bond angles, making the oxygen’s local geometry bent.
In COF₂, carbon forms a double bond with oxygen and single bonds with two fluorine atoms. The molecule has no lone pairs on the central carbon, making its electron geometry trigonal planar. However, due to the different electronegativities of fluorine and oxygen, the molecule is polar.
Both molecules exhibit polar character due to electronegativity differences, influencing their physical properties like solubility and boiling points.
Now, I’ll generate the Lewis structures and molecular geometry drawings for both compounds.
Here is the scientific diagram showing the Lewis structures and molecular geometries for CH₃OH (Methanol) and COF₂ (Carbonyl Fluoride). The image includes standard chemical notation with lone pairs, bonding angles, and molecular geometry representations for clarity. Let me know if you need any modifications or further explanations!
