Write the genotype (see above for help) for each person based on the description:
Someone who is homozygous & has a dominant “B” allele BB
Someone who has Type O blood
Someone who is heterozygous & has a dominant “A” allele AA
Someone who has Type “AB” blood
Someone who has Type “A” blood & had a type “O” parent Ai
Someone who has Type “B” blood & had a type “O” parent Bi AB
The correct answer and explanation is :
To address this request properly, we need to first understand the context in terms of genetics and blood types. Blood types are determined by the ABO blood group system, where the alleles can be A, B, or O. The gene for blood type follows simple Mendelian inheritance, with A and B being dominant over O. For example:
- Type A blood can have the genotypes AA or AO.
- Type B blood can have the genotypes BB or BO.
- Type AB blood has the genotype AB.
- Type O blood has the genotype OO.
Let’s now address each individual:
- Someone who is homozygous and has a dominant “B” allele (BB):
- Genotype: BB
- Explanation: A homozygous genotype means both alleles are the same. In this case, both alleles are B, meaning the person has two dominant B alleles and, therefore, will have Type B blood.
- Someone who has Type O blood:
- Genotype: OO
- Explanation: Type O blood occurs only when both alleles are O, which are recessive. The individual must inherit an O allele from both parents to have this blood type.
- Someone who is heterozygous and has a dominant “A” allele (AA):
- Genotype: AA
- Explanation: The person is homozygous for the A allele, meaning both alleles are A. This individual would have Type A blood, as A is dominant over O.
- Someone who has Type AB blood:
- Genotype: AB
- Explanation: Type AB blood is a result of one A allele and one B allele. This is a codominant inheritance, meaning both alleles are expressed equally.
- Someone who has Type A blood and had a Type O parent (Ai):
- Genotype: AO
- Explanation: This person has Type A blood, meaning they must have inherited an A allele from one parent and an O allele from the other. The “i” refers to the parent who provided the O allele.
- Someone who has Type B blood and had a Type O parent (Bi AB):
- Genotype: BO
- Explanation: This person has Type B blood, meaning they have one B allele and one O allele. The “i” refers to the parent with Type O blood, who provided the O allele.
Summary:
- BB for homozygous dominant with B blood.
- OO for Type O blood.
- AA for homozygous dominant with A blood.
- AB for Type AB blood.
- AO for Type A blood with an O parent.
- BO for Type B blood with an O parent.
These genotypes follow Mendelian inheritance and the basic principles of dominant and recessive alleles in the ABO blood group system.