Define androgyny and gender-role transcendence, and explain why some theorists prefer one concept over the other one.
The correct answer and explanation is :
Definition and Explanation
Androgyny refers to the possession of both masculine and feminine traits within an individual. Rather than strictly adhering to traditional gender roles, an androgynous person exhibits characteristics that society typically associates with both men and women. Sandra Bem, a key theorist in gender studies, proposed the concept of psychological androgyny, suggesting that individuals who embody both masculinity and femininity are more adaptable and better equipped to handle various social situations.
Gender-role transcendence, on the other hand, goes beyond androgyny by rejecting the idea of gendered traits altogether. This perspective argues that individuals should not be categorized based on masculine or feminine qualities but should instead be evaluated based on their personal competencies and characteristics, irrespective of gender norms. Gender-role transcendence challenges the traditional binary view of gender and promotes a more fluid understanding of identity.
Theoretical Preferences
Some theorists prefer androgyny because it allows for flexibility within the existing gender framework. It acknowledges that individuals can embody both masculine and feminine traits without necessarily dismantling the concept of gender itself. Psychological studies have suggested that androgynous individuals may experience better mental health, self-esteem, and social adaptability compared to those who strictly conform to traditional gender roles.
However, other theorists advocate for gender-role transcendence because it moves beyond gender classifications altogether. They argue that even androgyny still operates within the framework of masculinity and femininity, which can be limiting. By transcending gender roles, individuals can be evaluated purely based on their abilities and qualities rather than societal expectations tied to gender. This perspective aligns with more contemporary views that challenge rigid gender binaries and advocate for a more inclusive understanding of identity.
Ultimately, the preference for one concept over the other depends on whether a theorist sees value in maintaining some aspects of gender identity (as with androgyny) or seeks to eliminate gender-based distinctions entirely (as with gender-role transcendence).