TRUE OR FALSE A coupled reaction is a pair of reactions, one exothermic and one endothermic. ATP contains less energy than ADP. In the ATP-ADP cycle, when the phosphate is removed, energy is released. In coupled reaction, an endothermic reaction supplies the energy needed to drive an exothermic reaction. Chlorophyll absorbs green light.
It is biochemical reactions that enable organisms to harness sunlight to manufacture organic molecules.
It is a molecule whose high energy phosphate bonds power many biological processes.
This is a disk-like structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast.
These are plant pigments responsible for bright red, yellow and orange colors in many fruits and vegetables.
These are photosynthetic pigments efficient at absorbing orange, red, yellow, and green light, wavelengths that are not well absorbed by chlorophyll a.
The correct answer and explanation is :
Here’s a breakdown of each statement:
1. A coupled reaction is a pair of reactions, one exothermic and one endothermic.
- TRUE.
In a coupled reaction, one reaction (often exothermic) releases energy that is used to drive another reaction (often endothermic) that requires energy input. A typical example is the use of the energy released from the hydrolysis of ATP (exothermic) to power other biological processes that require energy (endothermic).
2. ATP contains less energy than ADP.
- FALSE.
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) contains more energy than ADP (adenosine diphosphate). The energy is stored in the high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP. When one of these phosphate groups is removed, ATP becomes ADP, and energy is released.
3. In the ATP-ADP cycle, when the phosphate is removed, energy is released.
- TRUE.
When ATP is converted to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) through the removal of a phosphate group, energy is released. This energy is used by the cell to perform work, such as muscle contraction or chemical synthesis.
4. In a coupled reaction, an endothermic reaction supplies the energy needed to drive an exothermic reaction.
- FALSE.
In a coupled reaction, an exothermic reaction releases energy that drives the endothermic reaction. The exothermic reaction provides the necessary energy to power the energy-consuming (endothermic) process.
5. Chlorophyll absorbs green light.
- FALSE.
Chlorophyll does not absorb green light efficiently; it reflects green light, which is why plants appear green. Chlorophyll absorbs primarily blue (430–450 nm) and red (640–680 nm) light.
6. It is biochemical reactions that enable organisms to harness sunlight to manufacture organic molecules.
- TRUE.
Biochemical reactions, particularly photosynthesis, allow organisms to capture sunlight and convert it into energy-rich organic molecules (like glucose).
7. It is a molecule whose high-energy phosphate bonds power many biological processes.
- TRUE.
This refers to ATP. ATP is the primary energy carrier in cells, with its high-energy phosphate bonds being utilized in various cellular processes like muscle movement, active transport, and biosynthesis.
8. This is a disk-like structure that makes up the inner membrane of a chloroplast.
- THYLAKOID.
The thylakoid is the disk-like structure within the chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur. It contains chlorophyll and other pigments necessary for absorbing light energy.
9. These are plant pigments responsible for bright red, yellow, and orange colors in many fruits and vegetables.
- CAROTENOIDS.
Carotenoids are pigments that give fruits and vegetables their yellow, orange, and red colors. They also play a role in photosynthesis by capturing light energy.
10. These are photosynthetic pigments efficient at absorbing orange, red, yellow, and green light, wavelengths that are not well absorbed by chlorophyll a.
- CAROTENOIDS.
Carotenoids absorb light in the blue and green regions of the spectrum and help in photosynthesis by transferring absorbed light energy to chlorophyll a.
Summary:
In this set of questions, several concepts about bioenergetics (ATP-ADP cycle, coupled reactions) and photosynthesis (chlorophyll, carotenoids, thylakoids) are explored. ATP is the primary molecule used to transfer energy within cells, and coupled reactions are vital in maintaining cellular energy balance. Photosynthesis involves the absorption of light energy by pigments like chlorophyll and carotenoids, which enable the production of organic molecules from sunlight.