Which of the following statements concerning cellular metabolism is FALSE?
ATP is used in the formation of macromolecules.
The goal of metabolism is reproduction of the organism.
Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism.
Enzymes are used in both catabolic and anabolic reactions.
Energy obtained from nutrients or light is stored in the bonds of ATP.
The correct answer and explanation is :
Correct Answer:
“Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism.”
Explanation:
Cellular metabolism is the sum of all biochemical reactions occurring within a cell, divided into catabolism (breaking down molecules to release energy) and anabolism (building up molecules using energy). The incorrect statement is that “macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism” because catabolism breaks down macromolecules into smaller units, while anabolism builds up macromolecules and cell structures.
- ATP is used in the formation of macromolecules (TRUE)
- ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell, and it is required for anabolic processes, such as protein synthesis, DNA replication, and lipid formation.
- The goal of metabolism is reproduction of the organism (TRUE)
- In microbes and other living organisms, metabolism ultimately supports growth and reproduction by providing energy and building blocks for cellular structures.
- Macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism (FALSE)
- Catabolism breaks down macromolecules into simpler molecules, releasing energy.
- Anabolism builds up macromolecules and cell structures, using the energy from ATP.
- Enzymes are used in both catabolic and anabolic reactions (TRUE)
- Enzymes act as biological catalysts in both types of reactions, increasing reaction efficiency and ensuring metabolic balance.
- Energy obtained from nutrients or light is stored in the bonds of ATP (TRUE)
- Cells obtain energy from nutrients (via cellular respiration) or light (via photosynthesis) and store it in ATP for cellular work.
Thus, the false statement is the one suggesting that macromolecules are converted into cell structures via catabolism when, in reality, this occurs via anabolism.
