Which of the following does not describe chronic renal failure?
Multiple Choice
kidneys slowly lose function
may cause headache and mental confusion
commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes
surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure
can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse
The correct answer and explanation is :
The correct answer is: surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure.
Explanation:
Chronic renal failure (also referred to as chronic kidney disease or CKD) is a gradual and progressive decline in kidney function over time. It typically occurs over months or years, and it is often due to long-term damage to the kidneys. The progression of the disease is generally slow and irreversible, making early detection and management important.
Key characteristics of chronic renal failure include:
- Kidneys slowly lose function:
One of the defining features of chronic renal failure is the gradual loss of kidney function over time. The kidneys’ ability to filter waste products and maintain fluid balance deteriorates slowly. This process is often asymptomatic in the early stages, and symptoms may not manifest until kidney function is severely impaired. As kidney function declines, toxins build up in the body, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, swelling, and changes in urine output. - May cause headache and mental confusion:
As kidney function declines, waste products and toxins build up in the blood, a condition known as uremia. This can lead to a variety of symptoms, including headache, nausea, vomiting, and mental confusion or cognitive dysfunction. These symptoms are indicative of the toxic effects on the brain from the accumulation of waste products that the kidneys are no longer able to filter out efficiently. - Commonly caused by high blood pressure or diabetes:
Chronic kidney disease is most commonly caused by conditions like hypertension (high blood pressure) and diabetes. High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, while diabetes can lead to kidney damage through a process called diabetic nephropathy. Both conditions can lead to long-term kidney damage and increase the risk of developing chronic renal failure. - Can result from poisons and/or alcohol abuse:
While chronic kidney disease is often caused by long-term conditions like hypertension and diabetes, it can also result from exposure to toxins, medications, or substances such as alcohol. Chronic alcohol abuse can damage the kidneys over time, and exposure to certain poisons or drugs can also lead to kidney damage.
Incorrect Option:
- Surgical repair of obstructions may correct failure: This is not a characteristic of chronic renal failure. While acute renal failure (which occurs suddenly) may sometimes result from obstructions like kidney stones or urinary tract blockages, chronic renal failure is usually the result of long-term damage. Surgical interventions may be helpful for treating acute obstructions or infections, but in chronic renal failure, the damage to the kidneys is irreversible, and the goal is typically to manage the condition and slow its progression rather than “correct” it. Treatment for chronic kidney disease often involves managing underlying causes, controlling symptoms, and preparing for dialysis or a kidney transplant if necessary.