When caring for a client on droplet precautions, which protective equipment would the nurse use? (Select all that apply.)
a. Respiratory protective device
b. Mask
c. Gloves
d. Gown
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answers:
b. Mask
c. Gloves
d. Gown
Explanation:
When caring for a client on droplet precautions, it is essential for the nurse to understand the correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to prevent the spread of infection. Droplet precautions are used for diseases that are transmitted through large respiratory droplets, which are expelled when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. These droplets typically travel about 3 to 6 feet and can infect others if they land on the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose, or mouth.
1. Mask (b):
This is the most crucial piece of PPE for droplet precautions. A surgical mask should be worn by the nurse when within close proximity (within 3–6 feet) of the patient to protect mucous membranes from exposure to infectious droplets. This is required for illnesses such as influenza, pertussis, meningitis, mumps, and rubella.
2. Gloves (c):
Gloves should be worn when there is a risk of contact with the patient’s respiratory secretions, contaminated surfaces, or tissues. Gloves help protect the nurse from indirect transmission and prevent contamination of other surfaces.
3. Gown (d):
A gown is worn if there is a possibility of soiling clothing through contact with the patient’s secretions or contaminated items. This provides a barrier that protects the nurse’s clothing and skin.
4. Respiratory protective device (a):
This option refers to N95 respirators or higher-level devices, which are necessary for airborne precautions, not droplet. These are used for diseases like tuberculosis, measles, and varicella, where smaller particles can remain suspended in the air.
In summary, the nurse caring for a client on droplet precautions should wear a surgical mask, gloves, and a gown depending on the level of exposure, but does not need a respiratory protective device unless the patient is also under airborne precautions.