Therapeutic Relationship/Communication
- Preconceptions and different or conflicting personal beliefs and values can be barriers to developing a therapeutic relationship.
a. Examine your values as they relate to caring for a mentally ill client.
b. What are some stereotypes associated with the mentally ill population?
a. Discuss therapeutic communication techniques with schizophrenia
b. Include ways in which nonverbal messages accompany verbal messages.
FYI: 100 words APA format and 1 or two references
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answer (100 words in APA format):
Nurses must reflect on their own values to foster a therapeutic relationship with mentally ill clients. Common stereotypes—such as the belief that individuals with mental illness are violent or incompetent—can hinder care (Corrigan & Watson, 2002). Therapeutic communication with clients diagnosed with schizophrenia should include active listening, validation, and the use of simple, clear language. Nonverbal communication, such as eye contact, facial expressions, and body posture, reinforces verbal messages and builds trust (Varcarolis, 2021). Being mindful of tone and gestures is essential, as clients with schizophrenia may misinterpret or be sensitive to subtle cues.
References:
Corrigan, P. W., & Watson, A. C. (2002). Understanding the impact of stigma on people with mental illness. World Psychiatry, 1(1), 16–20.
Varcarolis, E. M. (2021). Foundations of psychiatric-mental health nursing: A clinical approach (8th ed.). Elsevier.
Detailed Explanation (300 words):
Developing a therapeutic relationship with mentally ill clients requires self-awareness, open-mindedness, and the ability to challenge one’s own biases. Nurses must first examine their personal beliefs and values to identify any preconceptions or discomfort surrounding mental illness. For example, if a nurse unconsciously believes that mentally ill individuals are unpredictable or dangerous, this can result in fear-based interactions that negatively impact patient care and trust. Reflective practice and cultural humility are key tools for overcoming these barriers.
Stereotypes about mental illness often include beliefs that these individuals are violent, unreliable, or incapable of making decisions. These misconceptions are damaging and can lead to stigmatization, social exclusion, and inadequate care. Understanding that mental illness is a medical condition—just like diabetes or hypertension—is fundamental to treating clients with dignity and respect.
When communicating with clients diagnosed with schizophrenia, therapeutic communication techniques must be adjusted to accommodate symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Techniques include using simple, concrete language, repeating key messages, and offering validation without reinforcing delusional content. For example, instead of agreeing with a delusion, the nurse might say, “I understand that this feels real to you, but I do not see it that way.” This respects the client’s experience while maintaining professional boundaries.
Nonverbal communication is also critical. Clients with schizophrenia may be hypersensitive to facial expressions, tone of voice, or physical proximity. Calm tone, relaxed posture, and appropriate eye contact can help reduce anxiety and establish rapport. Avoiding sudden movements or exaggerated expressions is crucial, as these may be misinterpreted as threatening or mocking. In summary, a nurse’s consistent and empathetic verbal and nonverbal communication forms the foundation for trust and healing in the therapeutic relationship.
