Which of the following statements about nutrients is true?
- a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
- b. Because the body cannot store any micronutrients, they need to be consumed nearly every day.
- c. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins are micronutrients.
- d. Macronutrients are vitamins and minerals.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct answer: a. All classes of nutrients are essential to human survival.
Explanation
Nutrients are substances that the body needs to function properly. They are divided into two main categories: macronutrients and micronutrients. All classes of nutrients — including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), vitamins, minerals, and water — are essential to human survival, which makes option a the correct statement.
Macronutrients include carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. These nutrients are required in large amounts and provide the body with energy (measured in calories). Carbohydrates are the body’s primary source of energy, proteins support growth and tissue repair, and fats store energy and support cell function.
Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals, which are needed in smaller amounts but are still vital. They support a variety of physiological functions, such as immune response, bone health, and blood clotting. While most vitamins and minerals must be consumed regularly, the body can store some, such as vitamin A, D, E, K, and B12. This makes option b incorrect, because not all micronutrients must be consumed daily.
Option c is also incorrect because carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are not micronutrients—they are macronutrients, needed in larger quantities for energy and structure.
Option d incorrectly states that macronutrients are vitamins and minerals. In reality, vitamins and minerals are micronutrients, not macronutrients. Macronutrients refer to the nutrients the body needs in larger amounts—again, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and water.
Each nutrient class plays a specific and crucial role in maintaining health. A deficiency or imbalance in any nutrient class can lead to serious health issues. Therefore, all six nutrient classes are essential for sustaining life and promoting well-being, which confirms that option a is the correct and most accurate statement.
