Part A Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Mechanical work Transport work Chemical work Submit Provide Feedback Request Answer protein ADP ADP Relaxed smooth muscle cell Contracted smooth muscle cell 4 B ADP AB 20 Reset 15
Part A Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Mechanical work Transport work Chemical work Submit Provide Feedback Request Answer protein ADP ADP Relaxed smooth muscle cell Contracted smooth muscle cell 4 B ADP AB 20 Reset 15
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
To provide the correct answer and a 300-word explanation for Part A (Drag the appropriate labels to Mechanical work, Transport work, and Chemical work), let’s first define the types of work that cells perform and analyze how the provided labels fit into those categories.
Correct Label Placement:
- Mechanical Work:
- Contracted smooth muscle cell
- Relaxed smooth muscle cell
- Transport Work:
- Protein
- ADP
- Chemical Work:
- ADP
- AB
Explanation
Cells perform different types of work to sustain life, including mechanical, transport, and chemical work. Each type involves distinct biological processes.
Mechanical work involves movement, such as muscle contraction or the beating of cilia and flagella. In this context, the contracted smooth muscle cell and relaxed smooth muscle cell demonstrate mechanical work. Smooth muscle contraction changes the shape and tension of tissues and organs (e.g., in the digestive tract or blood vessels), driven by ATP-dependent interactions between actin and myosin filaments. Relaxation is the return to the resting state, which also requires energy to actively pump calcium ions back into storage.
Transport work involves the movement of substances across membranes, often against concentration gradients. Proteins like ion pumps and transporters consume ATP to move molecules such as ions, sugars, or amino acids. In this context, protein refers to such transport proteins. ADP also fits here as it’s produced when ATP is hydrolyzed during the active transport process.
Chemical work refers to biosynthesis—the formation of complex molecules from simpler ones. For example, building proteins from amino acids or linking molecules during metabolic pathways. Here, ADP can also appear because ATP hydrolysis provides the energy for these synthetic reactions. AB is likely representing a product of a biosynthetic reaction (e.g., molecule A and B joined together), making it a good example of chemical work.
In summary, cellular work can be categorized based on function—mechanical (movement), transport (moving substances), and chemical (building molecules). Each type requires energy, usually supplied by ATP, and the process involves converting chemical energy into different usable forms depending on cellular needs.
