A weight hung from a string is called a pendulum…. True or false
A weight hung from a string is called a pendulum…. True or false
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Answer: True
A weight hung from a string is indeed called a pendulum, provided it can swing freely under the influence of gravity. This is a foundational concept in physics, particularly in the study of mechanics and harmonic motion.
Explanation:
A pendulum is typically composed of three main parts:
- A fixed point (pivot),
- A string or rod, and
- A weight or bob at the end of the string.
When the pendulum is displaced from its resting position and released, gravity pulls the bob back toward its equilibrium point. However, due to inertia, the bob swings past the equilibrium position and continues in the opposite direction. This back-and-forth motion is called oscillation.
The simplest form of a pendulum is a simple pendulum, where a small, dense bob is suspended from a lightweight, inextensible string. Its motion can be approximated as simple harmonic motion (SHM) for small angles (typically less than 15 degrees from vertical). In SHM, the restoring force is proportional to the displacement, leading to periodic and predictable motion.
Pendulums have been used historically in various practical applications. For example:
- Clocks: The regular, predictable motion of pendulums was harnessed to keep time accurately in pendulum clocks.
- Seismology: Pendulums are used in seismographs to detect ground motion during earthquakes.
- Physics experiments: Pendulums are used to study gravity, motion, and energy conservation.
It is important to note that if a weight is hung from a string but not free to swing, it does not function as a pendulum. The defining characteristic is the ability to oscillate freely due to gravity. Therefore, the statement “A weight hung from a string is called a pendulum” is true, assuming it is free to swing.
