WRITE THE CHEMICAL EQUATION OF FORMATION OF BERYLLIUM PHOSPHIDE
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Chemical Equation of the Formation of Beryllium Phosphide:
3Be+2P→Be3P23Be + 2P \rightarrow Be_3P_23Be+2P→Be3P2
Explanation
Beryllium phosphide (Be₃P₂) is an inorganic compound formed from the elements beryllium (Be) and phosphorus (P). The chemical equation for its formation is:3Be+2P→Be3P23Be + 2P \rightarrow Be_3P_23Be+2P→Be3P2
This reaction involves a direct combination (synthesis) reaction between elemental beryllium and elemental phosphorus.
Valency and Stoichiometry:
To understand why the formula of beryllium phosphide is Be₃P₂, we must consider the valency of each element. Beryllium belongs to group 2 of the periodic table and typically forms Be²⁺ ions, as it loses two electrons to achieve a stable configuration. Phosphorus, on the other hand, belongs to group 15 and tends to form P³⁻ ions by gaining three electrons.
To form a neutral compound, the charges must balance:
- 3 Be²⁺ ions contribute a total charge of +6
- 2 P³⁻ ions contribute a total charge of −6
These charges balance perfectly, so the empirical formula is Be₃P₂.
Reaction Conditions:
The formation of beryllium phosphide generally requires high temperatures. This reaction typically occurs in a controlled environment like an inert atmosphere (e.g., argon) or under vacuum to prevent unwanted side reactions with oxygen or moisture.
Applications and Properties:
Be₃P₂ is a crystalline solid with semiconductor properties. It is studied for potential use in high-temperature electronics and optoelectronics, though its applications are limited due to the toxicity of beryllium compounds.
Safety Note:
Beryllium is highly toxic if inhaled or ingested. Proper safety precautions, including protective equipment and ventilation, are essential when handling beryllium or its compounds.
In conclusion, the reaction of beryllium and phosphorus forms Be₃P₂ through a straightforward synthesis reaction that balances the valency of the elements involved.
