Soil formation is a very fast process. 2. Soil erosion makes the soil infertile. 3. Terrace farming increases soil erosion. 4. Embankments prevent flooding. 5. Insecticides pollute the soil.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Statements:
2. Soil erosion makes the soil infertile.
4. Embankments prevent flooding.
5. Insecticides pollute the soil.
Explanation:
Soil is a natural resource that forms slowly over hundreds to thousands of years through the weathering of rocks and the accumulation of organic material. The idea that soil formation is a “very fast process” is incorrect; it is, in fact, a gradual and lengthy process influenced by factors such as climate, topography, organisms, parent rock, and time.
Soil erosion refers to the removal of the top fertile layer of the soil by agents like water, wind, or human activity. This top layer contains essential nutrients and organic matter required for plant growth. When it is eroded, the soil loses its fertility, reducing agricultural productivity and disturbing natural ecosystems. Therefore, it is true that soil erosion makes the soil infertile.
Terrace farming is actually a method used to prevent soil erosion, especially on hilly terrains. By cutting steps into slopes, terrace farming reduces the speed of water runoff and allows water to soak into the soil, helping to conserve both soil and moisture. Thus, the statement claiming it increases erosion is incorrect.
Embankments are raised structures built along rivers or coastal areas to contain or redirect water flow. They are effective in preventing flooding by keeping rising water within bounds, thereby protecting nearby land and infrastructure. This makes the fourth statement accurate.
The use of insecticides in agriculture, although beneficial for pest control, can have negative effects on soil health. These chemicals may seep into the soil, altering its composition, killing beneficial microorganisms, and leading to long-term pollution. Therefore, it is true that insecticides pollute the soil, which can also harm water sources and ecosystems linked to the soil.
In conclusion, statements 2, 4, and 5 are correct.
