Draw two water molecules hydrogen bonding with the molecule below. \text{\footnotesize{
}}\text{\footnotesize{H}}\text{\footnotesize{O}}\text{\footnotesize{
}}\text{\footnotesize{H} OH OH \text{\footnotesize{
}}\text{O}\text{\footnotesize{
}}\text{H}
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
This is the correct representation of two water molecules hydrogen bonding with salicylic acid:
Explanation
The provided diagram correctly illustrates two water molecules forming hydrogen bonds with a salicylic acid molecule. This interaction is based on the principles of electrostatic attraction between specific atoms.
A hydrogen bond is a strong type of intermolecular dipole-dipole attraction. It occurs when a hydrogen atom, covalently bonded to a highly electronegative atom such as oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), or fluorine (F), is attracted to another nearby electronegative atom. The hydrogen atom involved carries a partial positive charge (δ+), making it a hydrogen bond donor. The electronegative atom it is attracted to has lone pairs of electrons and a partial negative charge (δ-), making it a hydrogen bond acceptor.
Salicylic acid has two functional groups that can participate in hydrogen bonding: a phenolic hydroxyl group (-OH) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH).
- Interaction with the Phenolic Hydroxyl Group: The diagram shows the hydrogen atom of the phenolic hydroxyl group on salicylic acid acting as a hydrogen bond donor. Its partial positive charge is attracted to the partially negative oxygen atom of a water molecule, which acts as the hydrogen bond acceptor. This bond is correctly represented by a dashed line between the H of the -OH group and the O of the H₂O molecule.
- Interaction with the Carboxylic Acid Group: The diagram depicts a second hydrogen bond at the carboxylic acid group. In this instance, the carbonyl oxygen (the oxygen double-bonded to carbon) of salicylic acid acts as a hydrogen bond acceptor. Its lone pairs and partial negative charge attract a partially positive hydrogen atom from a second water molecule. Here, the water molecule serves as the hydrogen bond donor.
The solution in the original image is also correct and demonstrates the same principles. The generated image above provides a clean and clear representation of these two possible hydrogen bonding interactions.thumb_upthumb_down
