The transfer of heat between two bodies in direct contact is called convection .a none of the mentioned .b radiation .c conduction .d
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is C. Conduction.
Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transmitted through direct contact between neighboring molecules or atoms without any bulk movement of the material. It occurs primarily in solids where particles are closely packed together, allowing efficient energy transfer.
In conduction, heat moves from the hotter object to the cooler one until both reach thermal equilibrium. This transfer happens due to the kinetic energy exchange between particles. When a molecule or atom in a hotter region vibrates, it collides with a neighboring cooler particle, passing some of its energy. This process continues through the material, gradually transmitting heat.
The rate at which heat is conducted depends on several factors. These include the temperature difference between the objects, the cross-sectional area of heat transfer, the distance through which heat must travel, and the thermal conductivity of the material. Metals such as copper and silver are excellent conductors because their tightly packed atomic structures allow rapid energy transmission. On the other hand, insulating materials such as wood, rubber, and glass have low thermal conductivity, slowing heat transfer.
An everyday example of conduction is when a metal spoon is placed in a cup of hot tea. Over time, heat transfers from the tea to the spoon through direct molecular interactions, warming the spoon. Another example is heat transfer in cooking utensils. Pots and pans made of metal heat up efficiently because conduction allows uniform heating.
Understanding conduction is crucial in engineering and thermal management. It plays an essential role in designing heat exchangers, insulation materials, and electronic cooling systems. By controlling conduction, engineers can improve efficiency in industrial applications, reduce energy waste, and create sustainable technologies.
