What is the atomic number of magnesium? How many protons does it have?
The correct answer and explanation is:
The atomic number of magnesium (Mg) is 12, meaning it has 12 protons in its nucleus.
The atomic number of an element is a fundamental property that identifies the element. It tells you how many protons are in the nucleus of an atom of that element. For magnesium, the atomic number is 12, so each magnesium atom has 12 protons. This is a defining characteristic of magnesium, distinguishing it from other elements in the periodic table.
Protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. The number of protons determines the chemical behavior of the element and places it in a specific position in the periodic table. Since magnesium has 12 protons, it is located in the second column of the alkaline earth metals group on the periodic table. These metals are known for having two electrons in their outermost shell, which makes them highly reactive, particularly with water.
In addition to protons, atoms also have neutrons and electrons. Neutrons, which are neutral particles, and protons, both reside in the nucleus of an atom. The number of neutrons in an atom can vary, leading to different isotopes of an element. Electrons, on the other hand, are negatively charged and orbit the nucleus. In a neutral atom of magnesium, the number of electrons equals the number of protons, so magnesium also has 12 electrons.
Magnesium’s atomic number is key to understanding its physical and chemical properties, including its reactivity, its placement in the periodic table, and its electron configuration. The element is widely used in various industries, particularly in the form of magnesium alloys, which are valued for their light weight and strength.