write complete balanced combustion reactions of hexane, cyclohexene, and toluene
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
To write the balanced combustion reactions of hexane, cyclohexene, and toluene, we must first understand that combustion reactions involve a hydrocarbon (in this case, hexane, cyclohexene, and toluene) reacting with oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O). The general form of a combustion reaction is:
Hydrocarbon + Oxygen → Carbon Dioxide + Water
1. Combustion of Hexane (C₆H₁₄):
The chemical formula for hexane is C₆H₁₄. The combustion reaction can be written as:
C₆H₁₄ (l) + O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) + H₂O (g)
Now, to balance the reaction:
- Carbon atoms: 6 in C₆H₁₄, so we need 6 CO₂ molecules.
- Hydrogen atoms: 14 in C₆H₁₄, so we need 7 H₂O molecules (since each water molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms).
- Oxygen atoms: On the product side, we have 6 × 2 = 12 from CO₂ and 7 from H₂O, giving us 19 oxygen atoms. Therefore, we need 19/2 molecules of O₂ to balance the equation.
The balanced reaction is:
2 C₆H₁₄ (l) + 19 O₂ (g) → 12 CO₂ (g) + 14 H₂O (g)
2. Combustion of Cyclohexene (C₆H₁₀):
Cyclohexene has the chemical formula C₆H₁₀. The combustion reaction can be written as:
C₆H₁₀ (l) + O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) + H₂O (g)
To balance:
- Carbon atoms: 6 in C₆H₁₀, so we need 6 CO₂ molecules.
- Hydrogen atoms: 10 in C₆H₁₀, so we need 5 H₂O molecules.
- Oxygen atoms: On the product side, we have 6 × 2 = 12 from CO₂ and 5 from H₂O, giving us 17 oxygen atoms. Therefore, we need 17/2 molecules of O₂ to balance the equation.
The balanced reaction is:
2 C₆H₁₀ (l) + 17 O₂ (g) → 12 CO₂ (g) + 10 H₂O (g)
3. Combustion of Toluene (C₆H₆CH₃):
The chemical formula for toluene is C₆H₆CH₃. The combustion reaction is:
C₆H₆CH₃ (l) + O₂ (g) → CO₂ (g) + H₂O (g)
To balance:
- Carbon atoms: 7 in C₆H₆CH₃, so we need 7 CO₂ molecules.
- Hydrogen atoms: 8 in C₆H₆CH₃, so we need 4 H₂O molecules.
- Oxygen atoms: On the product side, we have 7 × 2 = 14 from CO₂ and 4 from H₂O, giving us 18 oxygen atoms. Therefore, we need 18/2 molecules of O₂ to balance the equation.
The balanced reaction is:
2 C₆H₆CH₃ (l) + 18 O₂ (g) → 14 CO₂ (g) + 16 H₂O (g)
Explanation:
Combustion reactions are exothermic, meaning they release energy, and they follow a set stoichiometric pattern to ensure that the number of atoms of each element is conserved. For these reactions, balancing involves ensuring that:
- The carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon are accounted for in CO₂.
- The hydrogen atoms are accounted for in H₂O.
- The oxygen atoms on the reactant side match the number of oxygen atoms required to form CO₂ and H₂O on the product side.
This balancing process is essential for achieving a correct and consistent representation of the chemical reaction and ensuring the conservation of mass.
