You performed experiment following the balanced chemical equation and started with 5.65 grams of CuSO4.
Question No. 1: 4 pt CuSO
(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)
Cu(OH)
(s) + Na
SO
(aq) (Reactants) (Products) No.1: You performed experiment following the balanced chemical equation and started with 5.65 grams of CuSO
. Calculate amount (gm) of NaOH you will need to get the maximum amount of product Cu(OH)
? Answer: Calculations: a. Mass of CuSO
(copper II sulfate) b. Formula weight of copper (II) sulfate c. Moles of CuSO
159.62 g/mol CuSO
d. The molar ratio between CuSO
and NaOH is e. Moles of NaOH needed to reach stoichiometric quantities mol NaOH f. Formula weight of NaOH (sodium hydroxide) 40.0 g/mol g. Mass of NaOH (sodium hydroxide) needed to reach stoichiometric quantities = g NaOH
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Let’s go through the solution step by step:
1. Given Data:
- Mass of CuSO₄ = 5.65 g
- Formula weight of CuSO₄ = 159.62 g/mol
- Formula weight of NaOH = 40.0 g/mol
- The balanced equation is:
CuSO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Cu(OH)₂(s) + Na₂SO₄(aq)
2. Calculating Moles of CuSO₄:
To find the moles of CuSO₄, we use the formula:Moles of CuSO₄=Mass of CuSO₄Molar Mass of CuSO₄\text{Moles of CuSO₄} = \frac{\text{Mass of CuSO₄}}{\text{Molar Mass of CuSO₄}}Moles of CuSO₄=Molar Mass of CuSO₄Mass of CuSO₄Moles of CuSO₄=5.65 g159.62 g/mol=0.0353 mol\text{Moles of CuSO₄} = \frac{5.65 \, \text{g}}{159.62 \, \text{g/mol}} = 0.0353 \, \text{mol}Moles of CuSO₄=159.62g/mol5.65g=0.0353mol
3. Molar Ratio Between CuSO₄ and NaOH:
From the balanced chemical equation, the molar ratio between CuSO₄ and NaOH is 1:2, meaning for every 1 mole of CuSO₄, we need 2 moles of NaOH.Moles of NaOH required=0.0353 mol CuSO₄×2=0.0706 mol NaOH\text{Moles of NaOH required} = 0.0353 \, \text{mol CuSO₄} \times 2 = 0.0706 \, \text{mol NaOH}Moles of NaOH required=0.0353mol CuSO₄×2=0.0706mol NaOH
4. Calculating Mass of NaOH:
To find the mass of NaOH required, we use the formula:Mass of NaOH=Moles of NaOH×Molar Mass of NaOH\text{Mass of NaOH} = \text{Moles of NaOH} \times \text{Molar Mass of NaOH}Mass of NaOH=Moles of NaOH×Molar Mass of NaOHMass of NaOH=0.0706 mol×40.0 g/mol=2.824 g\text{Mass of NaOH} = 0.0706 \, \text{mol} \times 40.0 \, \text{g/mol} = 2.824 \, \text{g}Mass of NaOH=0.0706mol×40.0g/mol=2.824g
5. Answer:
You will need 2.82 grams of NaOH to react completely with 5.65 grams of CuSO₄ to form the maximum amount of Cu(OH)₂.
Explanation:
- We began with the given mass of CuSO₄ and converted it into moles using the molar mass.
- The stoichiometric ratio between CuSO₄ and NaOH (from the balanced equation) told us that for every mole of CuSO₄, we need 2 moles of NaOH.
- Using this ratio, we calculated the required moles of NaOH.
- Finally, we converted the moles of NaOH into mass using the molar mass of NaOH, yielding the mass required for complete reaction.
This process ensures that we are using the correct stoichiometric amount of NaOH for the reaction.
