According to DSM-5-TR, A pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentric behaviors are symptoms of which of the following disorders: a. Schizophrenic Personality Disorder b. Borderline Personality Disorder c. Histrionic Personality Disorder d. Schizotypal Personality Disorder
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is d. Schizotypal Personality Disorder.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder (STPD) is characterized by a pervasive pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentric behaviors. This disorder is classified under Cluster A personality disorders in the DSM-5-TR, which are often described as odd or eccentric in nature.
People with schizotypal personality disorder often experience significant discomfort in social interactions, making it difficult for them to form close relationships. They may have odd beliefs or magical thinking, such as believing they can influence others with their thoughts. Their perceptions might also be distorted, leading to eccentric behaviors or appearance. Individuals with STPD may display a preference for social isolation, and they often feel that others are overly critical or threatening, even when such perceptions are unwarranted.
Additionally, they may have peculiar speech patterns or exhibit odd mannerisms. These cognitive and perceptual distortions are a hallmark of schizotypal personality disorder. Although they may not experience full-blown psychosis like in schizophrenia, their odd thinking and behavior are similar to the early signs of schizophrenia, but without the full-blown psychotic episodes.
Treatment for schizotypal personality disorder typically involves psychotherapy, with a focus on social skills training and addressing cognitive distortions. Medications, particularly antipsychotic drugs, may be used to manage symptoms related to cognitive and perceptual disturbances, although they are not typically used as a first-line treatment.
In contrast, Borderline Personality Disorder, Histrionic Personality Disorder, and Schizophrenic Personality Disorder do not exhibit the specific combination of eccentric behavior and perceptual distortions found in schizotypal personality disorder.