Systemic factors influencing wound healing include all of the following except:
a. Metabolic status. b. Mobility. c. Circulatory status. d. Nutrition.
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is b. Mobility.
Explanation:
Systemic factors are those internal conditions and processes that influence the body’s ability to heal wounds. These factors impact the rate, efficiency, and effectiveness of the healing process. Let’s look at each of the options:
- Metabolic status: The body’s overall metabolic health plays a crucial role in wound healing. Conditions such as diabetes, thyroid disorders, or hormonal imbalances can delay the healing process by affecting cell regeneration, inflammatory response, and immune function. For instance, high blood sugar in diabetic patients impairs the body’s ability to fight infection and slows the healing of wounds.
- Mobility: While mobility refers to an individual’s ability to move, it is generally not classified as a systemic factor influencing wound healing. However, a lack of mobility could lead to complications like pressure ulcers, especially in patients who are immobile for extended periods. Nonetheless, mobility itself does not directly affect the biological mechanisms of wound healing as metabolic status or circulatory issues do.
- Circulatory status: Good circulation is essential for wound healing. Blood vessels deliver oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to the wound site, all of which are critical for tissue repair. Conditions such as peripheral vascular disease, which limits blood flow, can hinder healing by reducing the supply of these essential elements. Without sufficient circulation, tissue oxygenation decreases, which slows collagen production and epithelialization, making it difficult for wounds to heal.
- Nutrition: Proper nutrition is vital for effective wound healing. Proteins, vitamins (especially vitamin C and A), and minerals (such as zinc) are necessary for collagen synthesis, immune function, and the inflammatory phase of wound healing. Malnutrition or deficiencies in these nutrients can significantly delay the repair process and increase the risk of infections.
Thus, while mobility can impact wound prevention (e.g., avoiding pressure ulcers), it is not a direct systemic factor affecting the biological mechanisms of healing.