Denise is developing a plan to help lower her high blood pressure. Which action is most appropriate for Denise to include in the plan?
a. Avoiding nuts and low-fat dairy products
b. Avoiding caffeinated energy drinks
c. Increasing sodium intake and decreasing potassium intake
d. Choosing beef over poultry and fish
e. Choosing a high-protein diet with plenty of red meat
The correct answer and explanation is:
The most appropriate action for Denise to include in her plan is b. Avoiding caffeinated energy drinks.
Explanation:
Caffeine, particularly in energy drinks, has been shown to temporarily raise blood pressure in some people. This is due to its stimulant effects, which increase heart rate and cause blood vessels to constrict, leading to higher blood pressure. People with high blood pressure should be cautious about caffeine consumption. Avoiding caffeinated energy drinks is an effective way to prevent these potential spikes in blood pressure.
Here’s a breakdown of why the other options are not as suitable:
- a. Avoiding nuts and low-fat dairy products: Nuts and low-fat dairy products are generally heart-healthy. Nuts provide healthy fats, fiber, and protein, while low-fat dairy is a good source of calcium and vitamin D. These can help regulate blood pressure and improve cardiovascular health, so avoiding them is not advisable.
- c. Increasing sodium intake and decreasing potassium intake: High sodium intake is known to increase blood pressure, while potassium helps to counteract the effects of sodium by relaxing blood vessels and reducing fluid retention. Increasing sodium and decreasing potassium would likely worsen high blood pressure.
- d. Choosing beef over poultry and fish: Red meats, such as beef, are high in saturated fats, which can contribute to the development of high blood pressure and heart disease. Poultry and fish, especially fatty fish like salmon, are healthier alternatives as they contain less saturated fat and offer beneficial omega-3 fatty acids.
- e. Choosing a high-protein diet with plenty of red meat: A high-protein diet is important, but it’s crucial to focus on lean protein sources such as poultry, fish, legumes, and plant-based proteins. Red meat should be limited due to its high saturated fat content, which can increase the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular issues.
To lower high blood pressure, Denise should focus on lifestyle changes such as reducing caffeine intake, maintaining a healthy diet low in saturated fats and sodium, increasing potassium, exercising regularly, and managing stress.