Is characterized by tender, swollen gums with a bright red or purplish coloration; the gums may also pull away from teeth, and bad breath and tooth loss are also frequent manifestations. Select one:
A. Gingivitis
B. Dental caries
C. Thrush
D. Periodontal disease
E. Oral yeast infection
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is D. Periodontal disease.
Explanation:
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a serious infection of the gums that damages the soft tissue and can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. It is often caused by poor oral hygiene habits that encourage plaque to form on teeth, leading to inflammation of the gums.
The primary symptoms of periodontal disease include swollen, tender gums that may appear bright red or purple. Gums may pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that can become infected. As the disease progresses, the pockets deepen and bacteria can enter these pockets, causing further damage to the gums and teeth. This infection leads to bad breath, also known as halitosis, and in severe cases, it can result in tooth loss.
There are two main stages of periodontal disease:
- Gingivitis: This is the mildest form of gum disease and usually involves gum irritation, bleeding while brushing, and slight swelling. Gingivitis is reversible with good oral hygiene and regular dental cleanings.
- Periodontitis: This is the more advanced stage, where the infection spreads deeper into the tissues. It can lead to significant damage to the gums, tooth loss, and other serious complications.
Factors that increase the risk of developing periodontal disease include smoking, poor nutrition, certain medications, and medical conditions like diabetes. Regular dental visits and good oral hygiene, including brushing twice daily and flossing, are essential to prevent and manage this condition. If left untreated, periodontal disease can lead to severe complications, including tooth loss and the spread of infection to other parts of the body.