saddle Gliding joints have nonaxial movement. condylar Hinge joints have monaxial movement, like a door hinge. hinge ball-and-socket Pivot joints have monaxial movement with rotation. gliding pivot Reset Help Condylar joints have biaxial movement because of convex and concave surfaces. Saddle joints have biaxial movement, which allows opposition. Ball-and-socket joints have triaxial movement, which is movement in many planes. Claviculosternal and sacroiliac joints are examples of gliding joints. Hinge joints include the elbows, fingers, and knees. The moverment of the atlas and axis is an example of a pivot joint. The radiocarpal joint is an example of a condylar joint. Metacarpal of thumb and trapezium are examples of saddle joint. The joints with the greatest range of motion, the shoulder and hip, are examples of ball-and-socket joints.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The descriptions of various types of joints provided describe how different types of synovial joints allow different movements. Here’s an explanation of each joint type and how it works:
- Gliding Joints (Nonaxial Movement): These joints allow for sliding or gliding movements in one plane. They are nonaxial, meaning there is no rotation or angular movement. Examples include the claviculosternal (between the clavicle and sternum) and sacroiliac joints (between the sacrum and the ilium).
- Hinge Joints (Monaxial Movement): These joints allow movement in one direction, similar to a door hinge. They provide monaxial (one-directional) movement, either flexion or extension. Examples include the elbows, knees, and fingers.
- Pivot Joints (Monaxial Movement with Rotation): Pivot joints permit rotation around a single axis. These joints are monaxial, as they allow for only rotational movement. The joint between the atlas (C1) and axis (C2) in the neck is an example, allowing for rotation of the head.
- Condylar Joints (Biaxial Movement): Condylar joints allow movement in two directions, or biaxial movement. They consist of an oval-shaped condyle fitting into an elliptical cavity. This allows for flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction. The radiocarpal joint (wrist joint) is an example of a condylar joint.
- Saddle Joints (Biaxial Movement): Saddle joints are similar to condylar joints but offer more flexibility. They allow movement in two directions, but with more freedom. A key characteristic of saddle joints is that they allow for opposition (the ability to touch the thumb to the fingers). The metacarpal of the thumb and the trapezium bone in the wrist form a saddle joint.
- Ball-and-Socket Joints (Triaxial Movement): These joints provide the greatest range of motion, allowing for movement in three planes: flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, and rotation. Examples include the shoulder and hip joints, where the ball-shaped head of a bone fits into the cup-shaped socket of another bone.
Each type of joint plays an important role in mobility, stability, and function. They are categorized based on the type of movement they allow and their structure.
