Use Table a. BrO3- b. IO3- c. PO2-3 to name the following polyatomic anions. d. N2O2- e. AsO2- f. BrO2- g. IO2- h. SO3-2 i. SiO3-2. 2. Name the following salts of the representative elements. a. Na2SO4 e. Ca3(PO3)2 i. K2MnO4 b. K3AsO4 f. Na2SiO3 c. Li2CO3 g. K2CrO4 d. Ca3(PO4)2 h. K2Cr2O7 m. Li2S2O3 n. Ba(NO2)2 o. Ba(NO3)2 p. Li2SO4 q. KCH3CO2. 3. Name the following salts of the transition and post-transition elements using the Stock system. a. Fe(OH)3 b. FePO4 · 6H2O c. FeSO4 · 7H2O d. CuCN e. CuSO4 · 5H2O f. Mn(CH3CO2)2 g. Sn(NO3)2 h. Sn(SO4)2 i. Co2(CO3)3 j. Hg(NO3)2 · H2O k. CoSO4 · 7H2O. 4. Name the following ternary acids. a. H2SO4 b. HMnO4 c. H2SO3 d. H3PO4 e. H2CrO4 f. H2S2O3 g. HNO2 h. H2CO3 i. H2BO3 j. H2C2O4 k. HNO3 l. CH3COOH m. HClO4 n. HClO3 o. HClO2 p. HCl
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Let’s break this down into the different sections:
1. Naming Polyatomic Anions:
a. BrO3-: Bromate
b. IO3-: Iodate
c. PO3^2-: Phosphite
d. N2O2-: Dinitride dianion or Nitrosyl anion
e. AsO3^2-: Arsenite
f. BrO2-: Bromite
g. IO2-: Iodite
h. SO3^2-: Sulfite
i. SiO3^2-: Silicate
These names are derived from the rules of naming polyatomic ions. For instance, ions with oxygen typically use the suffix “-ite” or “-ate”, with the “-ate” form having more oxygen atoms than the “-ite” form. The prefix “hypo-“ is added if there is one less oxygen than the “ite” form, and “per-“ is added if there is one more oxygen than the “ate” form.
2. Naming Salts of Representative Elements:
a. Na2SO4: Sodium sulfate
b. K3AsO4: Potassium arsenate
c. Li2CO3: Lithium carbonate
d. Ca3(PO4)2: Calcium phosphate
e. Ca3(PO3)2: Calcium phosphite
f. Na2SiO3: Sodium metasilicate
g. K2CrO4: Potassium chromate
h. K2Cr2O7: Potassium dichromate
i. K2MnO4: Potassium manganate
j. Ba(NO2)2: Barium nitrite
k. Ba(NO3)2: Barium nitrate
l. Li2S2O3: Lithium thiosulfate
m. Li2SO4: Lithium sulfate
n. KCH3CO2: Potassium acetate
The salts are named based on the cation (metal or ammonium) and the anion (polyatomic ion). For example, Na2SO4 is composed of sodium ions (Na+) and sulfate ions (SO4^2-), so it’s called Sodium sulfate.
3. Naming Salts of Transition and Post-Transition Elements Using the Stock System:
The Stock system uses Roman numerals to indicate the oxidation state of the metal in the compound.
a. Fe(OH)3: Iron(III) hydroxide
b. FePO4 · 6H2O: Iron(III) phosphate hexahydrate
c. FeSO4 · 7H2O: Iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate
d. CuCN: Copper(I) cyanide
e. CuSO4 · 5H2O: Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
f. Mn(CH3CO2)2: Manganese(II) acetate
g. Sn(NO3)2: Tin(II) nitrate
h. Sn(SO4)2: Tin(IV) sulfate
i. Co2(CO3)3: Cobalt(III) carbonate
j. Hg(NO3)2 · H2O: Mercury(II) nitrate monohydrate
k. CoSO4 · 7H2O: Cobalt(II) sulfate heptahydrate
4. Naming Ternary Acids:
These acids are named based on their anion part. For instance, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) comes from the sulfate ion (SO4^2-), and the name is based on the oxidation state of the central atom.
a. H2SO4: Sulfuric acid
b. HMnO4: Manganic acid
c. H2SO3: Sulfurous acid
d. H3PO4: Phosphoric acid
e. H2CrO4: Chromic acid
f. H2S2O3: Thiosulfuric acid
g. HNO2: Nitrous acid
h. H2CO3: Carbonic acid
i. H2BO3: Boric acid
j. H2C2O4: Oxalic acid
k. HNO3: Nitric acid
l. CH3COOH: Acetic acid
m. HClO4: Perchloric acid
n. HClO3: Chloric acid
o. HClO2: Chlorous acid
Ternary acids are named based on the polyatomic anion. If the anion ends in “-ate”, the acid name ends in “-ic acid” (like HNO3, Nitric acid). If the anion ends in “-ite”, the acid name ends in “-ous acid” (like HNO2, Nitrous acid).
In summary, naming involves understanding the polyatomic anion and applying standard naming conventions, such as using Roman numerals for transition metals and suffixes for acids depending on the oxygen content.
