Select the correct answer. Which statement about somatic mutations is true? A. They exist in all the cells of the body. B. They acquired through exposure and to mutagens. C. They are inherited via sperm and egg cells. D. they are passed on to offspring.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is B. They are acquired through exposure to mutagens.
Explanation:
Somatic mutations occur in the cells of the body (somatic cells) rather than in the germ cells (sperm or egg cells). These mutations can arise due to various factors, including environmental influences or errors during DNA replication. Mutagens, such as UV radiation, chemicals, or physical agents, can damage the DNA in somatic cells, leading to mutations.
Here’s why the other options are incorrect:
- A. They exist in all the cells of the body.
This is not true for somatic mutations. Somatic mutations are not passed on to all cells in the body. They occur in specific cells, and only the descendants of that cell will carry the mutation. For example, a somatic mutation in a skin cell would only be present in that skin cell and its descendants. - C. They are inherited via sperm and egg cells.
This is incorrect because somatic mutations occur in non-reproductive cells. Only mutations in germ cells (sperm and egg cells) can be passed down to offspring. Somatic mutations affect only the individual in which they occur. - D. They are passed on to offspring.
This is not accurate. Somatic mutations are not inherited by offspring. Only germline mutations (those that occur in sperm or egg cells) can be passed to the next generation.
In conclusion, somatic mutations are typically caused by exposure to mutagens and affect only the individual in which they occur. They are not inherited or passed on to offspring.
