Sample Input and Output Enter the number of people attending the event

Sample Input and Output Enter the number of people attending the event: 10 Enter the number of donuts for each person: 3 Minimum boxes of donuts needed: 3 Donuts left over: 6 Donuts cost: 24.00 Enter the number of people attending the event: 100 Enter the number of donuts for each person: 5 Minimum boxes of donuts needed: 42 Donuts left over: 4 Donuts cost: 252.00 Enter the number of people attending the event: 5 Enter the number of donuts for each person: 2 Minimum boxes of donuts needed: 1 Donuts left over: 2 Donuts cost: 8.00 Enter the number of people attending the event: 200 200 is not a valid number Enter the number of people attending the event: 12 Enter the number of donuts for each person: x x is not a valid number

The Correct Answer and Explanation is:

This is a problem that involves calculating the number of donuts needed for a certain number of people at an event, as well as determining how many boxes of donuts to order and how much it will cost. The input consists of the number of people attending the event and the number of donuts each person should receive. Based on this information, the program should calculate the minimum number of boxes required, any leftover donuts, and the total cost.

Let’s break down the sample input and output:

Input

Number of People Attending the Event: This is the first piece of input. It indicates how many people will be at the event.
Number of Donuts per Person: This is the second input, showing how many donuts each person will get.

Steps to Calculate the Output

Total Donuts Needed: Multiply the number of people by the number of donuts per person. Total Donuts Needed=People×Donuts per Person\text{Total Donuts Needed} = \text{People} \times \text{Donuts per Person}Total Donuts Needed=People×Donuts per Person
Boxes of Donuts: Since each box contains 12 donuts, divide the total number of donuts by 12 and round up to the next whole number (because you can’t order a fraction of a box). Boxes=⌈Total Donuts Needed12⌉\text{Boxes} = \lceil \frac{\text{Total Donuts Needed}}{12} \rceilBoxes=⌈12Total Donuts Needed⌉
Leftover Donuts: After ordering the boxes, subtract the total donuts in the ordered boxes from the total number of donuts needed. Leftover Donuts=(Boxes×12)−Total Donuts Needed\text{Leftover Donuts} = (\text{Boxes} \times 12) – \text{Total Donuts Needed}Leftover Donuts=(Boxes×12)−Total Donuts Needed
Cost of Donuts: If each box costs 6.00, the total cost is the number of boxes multiplied by 6.00. Cost=Boxes×6.00\text{Cost} = \text{Boxes} \times 6.00Cost=Boxes×6.00

Sample Calculation

First Case:

People: 10
Donuts per Person: 3
- Total donuts needed: 10×3=3010 \times 3 = 3010×3=30
- Boxes required: ⌈3012⌉=3\lceil \frac{30}{12} \rceil = 3⌈1230⌉=3
- Donuts left over: (3×12)−30=6(3 \times 12) – 30 = 6(3×12)−30=6
- Total cost: 3×6.00=18.003 \times 6.00 = 18.003×6.00=18.00

Second Case:

People: 100
Donuts per Person: 5
- Total donuts needed: 100×5=500100 \times 5 = 500100×5=500
- Boxes required: ⌈50012⌉=42\lceil \frac{500}{12} \rceil = 42⌈12500⌉=42
- Donuts left over: (42×12)−500=4(42 \times 12) – 500 = 4(42×12)−500=4
- Total cost: 42×6.00=252.0042 \times 6.00 = 252.0042×6.00=252.00

Error Handling

Invalid Number of People: If the user enters an invalid number (like 200 in the input), the program should respond with an error message.
- In the case of entering 200, which is outside a valid range (likely beyond a reasonable limit), it could show a message such as: “200 is not a valid number.”
Invalid Donuts per Person: If the user enters a non-numeric value for the donuts per person (like “x”), the program should handle this with an error message, such as: “x is not a valid number.”

Code Example

pythonCopyEditimport math

def calculate_donuts():
    try:
        people = int(input("Enter the number of people attending the event: "))
        if people <= 0 or people > 100:
            print(f"{people} is not a valid number")
            return
        donuts_per_person = input("Enter the number of donuts for each person: ")

        # Check if the input is a valid number
        if not donuts_per_person.isdigit():
            print(f"{donuts_per_person} is not a valid number")
            return

        donuts_per_person = int(donuts_per_person)
        total_donuts_needed = people * donuts_per_person

        # Calculate the number of boxes needed
        boxes_needed = math.ceil(total_donuts_needed / 12)
        leftover_donuts = (boxes_needed * 12) - total_donuts_needed
        donuts_cost = boxes_needed * 6.00

        print(f"Minimum boxes of donuts needed: {boxes_needed}")
        print(f"Donuts left over: {leftover_donuts}")
        print(f"Donuts cost: {donuts_cost:.2f}")
    
    except ValueError:
        print("Invalid input! Please enter numeric values.")

# Run the function
calculate_donuts()

Conclusion:

In this problem, you are tasked with handling basic arithmetic and input validation. The solution involves ensuring the correct number of boxes is calculated based on the number of people and donuts required, then providing the appropriate output and handling invalid inputs gracefully.