Which condition is commonly known as hiccups?
a. ascites b. gastritis c. gout d. singultus
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is d. singultus.
Singultus is the medical term for what is commonly known as hiccups. It refers to an involuntary contraction of the diaphragm followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords, which produces the characteristic “hic” sound. Hiccups can occur spontaneously or as a result of certain triggers such as overeating, drinking carbonated beverages, sudden temperature changes, or stress.
The diaphragm is a large muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and is crucial in the process of breathing. When it spasms or contracts abnormally, it forces air into the lungs quickly, which causes the vocal cords to snap shut. This abrupt closure leads to the typical sound of hiccups.
Hiccups are usually brief and harmless, lasting anywhere from a few seconds to a few minutes. However, in rare cases, they can become persistent or chronic, lasting for more than 48 hours. Chronic hiccups can be a sign of underlying health conditions, such as a neurological disorder, metabolic issues, or gastrointestinal problems. For example, conditions like stroke, brain injury, or encephalitis can interfere with the nerves controlling the diaphragm, leading to long-term hiccups.
While most cases of hiccups resolve on their own without treatment, there are various home remedies that people try to stop them, such as holding one’s breath, drinking a glass of cold water, or breathing into a paper bag. In more severe cases, medical interventions, such as medications or nerve block procedures, may be required.