A computer is presenting a user with a screen requesting payment before the user data is allowed to be accessed by the same user. What type of malware is this?
A a type of virus
B a type of worm
C a type of ransomware
D a type of logic bomb
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is C: a type of ransomware.
Ransomware is a type of malware that encrypts a user’s data or locks them out of their system, demanding a ransom (usually money) in exchange for restoring access to the data or system. It typically displays a ransom note on the screen, instructing the user to pay a specific amount to regain access. The payment often needs to be made in cryptocurrency to maintain the anonymity of the cybercriminals behind the attack.
This type of malware is different from a virus because a virus attaches itself to files or programs, spreading when these files are executed. A worm, on the other hand, is a type of malware that can spread independently across networks without needing to attach itself to a file. A logic bomb, meanwhile, is a piece of code intentionally inserted into a system or program, which is activated by a specific event or condition, such as a certain date or action.
Ransomware, in particular, is a growing concern for individuals and organizations. It targets both personal and corporate systems, often causing significant financial and data loss. The attackers typically demand payment in cryptocurrency to make it harder for authorities to trace the transactions. Paying the ransom does not guarantee that the attackers will restore the data or system, and many cybersecurity experts advise against paying, as it only fuels the criminals’ operations.
Ransomware attacks have been highly publicized due to their severity, with many high-profile incidents involving large corporations, healthcare systems, and government entities. Cybersecurity professionals recommend using regular backups, up-to-date antivirus software, and caution when interacting with suspicious emails or websites to minimize the risk of falling victim to such attacks.