Shanda is a therapist. She helps her clients think about their problems and situations more realistically. Shanda most likely adopts which model in her practice?
a. biological
b. cognitive-behavioral
c. humanistic
d. sociocultural
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is b. cognitive-behavioral.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is based on the idea that our thoughts influence our emotions and behaviors. By helping clients recognize and challenge unrealistic or harmful thoughts, therapists aim to modify how the client perceives and reacts to situations. Shanda’s focus on helping her clients think about their problems and situations more realistically aligns perfectly with the principles of CBT.
CBT involves the identification of distorted or irrational thoughts (such as overgeneralizing, catastrophizing, or black-and-white thinking) and helps clients replace them with more balanced and realistic ones. For example, if a client believes, “I always fail at everything,” a CBT therapist would help them examine the evidence for and against that belief and develop a more realistic perspective. The goal is to teach clients skills they can use independently to cope with challenges in a healthier way.
Other therapeutic models are different in focus. The biological model looks at how biological factors such as genetics or brain chemistry impact mental health. It tends to focus on medical treatments like medication rather than thought patterns. The humanistic model emphasizes self-actualization and personal growth, focusing more on the individual’s experience and feelings rather than specifically targeting thoughts. Finally, the sociocultural model explores how social and cultural contexts shape mental health, often addressing issues like discrimination or community influences.
Therefore, because Shanda’s approach is centered on changing unrealistic thinking patterns, it is consistent with the cognitive-behavioral therapy model.