The form of cell division in which each newly formed cell takes one full set of paired chromosomes is
A meiosis
B mitosis
C natural selection
D sexual transmission
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is B) mitosis.
Mitosis is the process of cell division in which a single parent cell divides to produce two genetically identical daughter cells. Each daughter cell receives one full set of chromosomes, maintaining the same chromosome number as the original cell. This process is essential for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms.
Mitosis occurs in somatic cells, which are all the cells in the body except for reproductive cells (sperm and egg). It involves several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis, which is the division of the cytoplasm. The purpose of mitosis is to ensure that each new cell has the same genetic material as the original cell, which is crucial for maintaining the stability and function of the organism.
In contrast, meiosis, option A, is a different type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells. It results in the production of four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction, as it ensures that offspring inherit genetic material from both parents, with variation.
Natural selection, option C, is a concept from evolutionary biology that explains how certain traits become more common in a population over generations due to differential survival and reproduction. It is not related to the process of cell division.
Sexual transmission, option D, refers to the transfer of genetic material during reproduction, but it is not a process of cell division. It involves the fusion of gametes (sperm and egg) during fertilization, which is a separate event from mitosis.
Thus, mitosis is the process that ensures each newly formed cell gets a complete set of paired chromosomes.