In “Delusions of Gender,” Cordelia Fine challenges the idea that gender differences in behavior are primarily due to: a) Genetics b) Hormones c) Socialization d) Evolutionary psychology
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is: d) Evolutionary psychology.
In Delusions of Gender, Cordelia Fine critically examines the idea that gender differences in behavior are largely the result of evolutionary psychology. This theory suggests that many aspects of male and female behavior are shaped by evolutionary pressures, with the assumption that men and women have inherently different roles based on their biological and evolutionary history. Fine argues against this by pointing out that much of the evidence used to support evolutionary psychology is speculative and often based on outdated or selective interpretations of scientific findings.
Fine’s primary critique is that evolutionary psychology often overemphasizes biological determinism. It posits that men and women have specific, genetically programmed behaviors that are a product of thousands of years of evolution. For instance, the theory might suggest that men are naturally more aggressive or competitive because of their role in hunting, while women are more nurturing because of their role in child-rearing. Fine contends that these explanations ignore the complex interaction between biology and culture, failing to account for how societal influences shape behavior.
She also highlights the role of socialization in shaping gendered behaviors, arguing that the way children are raised and the expectations placed on them by society play a significant role in developing behaviors that are often labeled as “gendered.” For example, boys and girls are often steered towards different activities, toys, and behaviors from a very young age, which contributes to the development of gendered identities. Fine emphasizes that gender differences are not hardwired but are influenced by cultural factors, making the argument for a more nuanced understanding of how gender roles are formed and maintained.