Ketone bodies:
a. Allow the utilization of lipid to generate glucose.
b. Allow the maintehance of normal blood pH during fasting.
c. Provides a glucose alternative for energy production in some tissues.
d. Are transported by carnitine.
e. Are only produced during starvation conditions:
The correct answer and explanation is:
Here are the predicted products and balanced decomposition reactions for each case:
A) Magnesium chlorate heated:
Magnesium chlorate decomposes when heated to form magnesium chloride and oxygen gas. The balanced equation is:
Magnesium chlorate → Magnesium chloride + Oxygen
Mg(ClO₃)₂ → MgCl₂ + 3O₂
Explanation:
Magnesium chlorate contains the chloride ion (Cl⁻) and the chlorate ion (ClO₃⁻). When it is heated, the chlorate ion breaks down into chloride ions and oxygen gas. The magnesium remains as a cation, combining with the chloride ions to form magnesium chloride (MgCl₂). Oxygen gas (O₂) is released as a byproduct.
B) Nickel (II) chlorate heated:
Nickel (II) chlorate decomposes similarly to magnesium chlorate, breaking down into nickel chloride and oxygen gas. The balanced equation is:
Nickel (II) chlorate → Nickel chloride + Oxygen
Ni(ClO₃)₂ → NiCl₂ + 3O₂
Explanation:
Nickel (II) chlorate consists of nickel ions (Ni²⁺) and chlorate ions (ClO₃⁻). Upon heating, the chlorate ions break down into chloride ions (Cl⁻) and oxygen gas. The nickel ions combine with chloride ions to form nickel chloride (NiCl₂). Oxygen gas (O₂) is released as the chlorate decomposes.
C) Sodium chlorate heated:
Sodium chlorate undergoes a similar decomposition when heated. It breaks down to form sodium chloride and oxygen gas. The balanced equation is:
Sodium chlorate → Sodium chloride + Oxygen
2NaClO₃ → 2NaCl + 3O₂
Explanation:
Sodium chlorate contains sodium ions (Na⁺) and chlorate ions (ClO₃⁻). When heated, the chlorate ions decompose into chloride ions and oxygen gas. The sodium ions combine with chloride ions to form sodium chloride (NaCl). Oxygen gas (O₂) is released as a byproduct of the decomposition of the chlorate ion.
In all three reactions, the key feature is the breakdown of the chlorate ion (ClO₃⁻) into chloride ions (Cl⁻) and oxygen gas (O₂) upon heating, a common pattern for chlorates.