What is called true solution? Give example.
The correct answer and explanation is:
A true solution is a homogeneous mixture where the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent at the molecular or ionic level, forming a single-phase system. The solute particles in a true solution are extremely small, usually less than 1 nanometer in diameter, which prevents them from being visible to the naked eye. These solutions are transparent and do not scatter light, a property known as the Tyndall effect. True solutions are stable, meaning the solute will not settle out or separate over time.
An example of a true solution is a sugar solution, where sugar (solute) is dissolved in water (solvent). When sugar is added to water, it dissolves at the molecular level and forms a homogeneous mixture. The sugar molecules disperse evenly throughout the water, and the resulting solution is transparent, with no visible particles. Similarly, salt dissolved in water forms a true solution.
True solutions are characterized by several key properties:
- Homogeneity: The composition of a true solution is uniform throughout, meaning every part of the solution has the same concentration of solute.
- Molecular Dispersion: The solute particles are so small that they cannot be seen under a microscope, and they do not settle out or separate when left undisturbed.
- Transparency: True solutions do not scatter light, so they appear clear and colorless or colored depending on the solute.
In contrast, heterogeneous mixtures like suspensions or colloids have larger particles that can be seen with a microscope or may settle out over time. Therefore, true solutions are distinguished by their uniformity, lack of particle visibility, and stability.