What is the numerical value of Avogadro’s number?
The correct answer and explanation is:
The numerical value of Avogadro’s number is 6.022×10236.022 \times 10^{23} particles per mole.
Avogadro’s number is a fundamental constant in chemistry that represents the number of atoms, molecules, or other entities in one mole of a substance. This number is named after the Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro, who first proposed that equal volumes of gases, at the same temperature and pressure, contain an equal number of molecules. This idea was a key development in the understanding of molecular theory and the atomic nature of matter.
The value 6.022×10236.022 \times 10^{23} provides a bridge between the macroscopic world of grams and the microscopic world of atoms and molecules. For example, one mole of carbon-12 atoms weighs exactly 12 grams. Since there are 6.022×10236.022 \times 10^{23} atoms in a mole, this allows scientists to convert between the mass of a substance and the number of atoms or molecules it contains.
Avogadro’s number is also used to express the relationship between the number of entities and the amount of substance in terms of moles. If you have a sample of a substance and you know how many moles of it you have, you can use Avogadro’s number to calculate how many atoms, molecules, or ions are present in that sample. The number is constant and independent of the material being measured, making it a key component in stoichiometric calculations and determining molecular weights.
Avogadro’s number plays a central role in molecular chemistry, physics, and many other scientific fields. It helps explain concepts such as atomic mass, molar mass, and provides a way to connect macroscopic measurements with microscopic properties.