A patient has meningitis. Which body system is associated with this diagnosis?
a. Digestive
b. Endocrine
c. Nervous
d. Urinary
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is c. Nervous.
Meningitis is an infection or inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This condition primarily affects the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Meningitis can be caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, and it can result in severe complications if left untreated.
The meninges consist of three layers: the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater. These layers protect the central nervous system (CNS) and are responsible for cushioning and supporting the brain and spinal cord. When the meninges become inflamed, it can lead to symptoms such as headache, fever, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light, which are common signs of meningitis. In some cases, meningitis can cause more severe neurological symptoms, including seizures, confusion, and loss of consciousness.
The nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals between the brain, spinal cord, and the rest of the body. Meningitis interferes with these processes by causing swelling and pressure in the CNS, which can disrupt normal brain function and lead to long-term neurological damage if not treated quickly.
The other body systems mentioned in the question—digestive, endocrine, and urinary—are not directly involved in meningitis. While infections can spread to various systems, meningitis itself is classified as a neurological condition. Prompt medical attention and treatment, often including antibiotics or antiviral medications depending on the cause, are essential for managing meningitis and preventing further damage to the nervous system.