The ability of water to cling to the body’s tissues and create lubricating films on membranes like the pericardium can be attributed to which property of water?
The correct answer and explanation is:
The ability of water to cling to the body’s tissues and create lubricating films on membranes like the pericardium can be attributed to adhesion.
Adhesion refers to the attraction between water molecules and other substances, such as the tissues and membranes in the body. Water molecules are polar, meaning they have a partial positive charge on one side (hydrogen atoms) and a partial negative charge on the other (oxygen atom). This polarity allows water molecules to interact with other polar substances, including the proteins and lipids found in bodily tissues.
When water comes into contact with tissues like the pericardium, which surrounds the heart, the hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the polar surfaces of the tissue lead to water adhering to the tissue. This adhesion is crucial in creating the lubricating layer that allows smooth movement, reducing friction between the heart and the surrounding tissues. The lubricating effect prevents irritation or damage to tissues during heartbeats and other body movements.
Water’s adhesive properties also play a significant role in many other physiological functions. For instance, in the lungs, water’s adhesion to the alveoli helps maintain surface tension, assisting in the lungs’ expansion and preventing the collapse of tiny air sacs. Adhesion of water to tissues also supports the movement of nutrients and wastes in and out of cells, contributing to efficient metabolic functions.
Additionally, adhesion works in tandem with cohesion, which is the attraction between water molecules themselves. This dual interaction helps water maintain its structure and function in the body, supporting vital processes like hydration and the transport of substances across membranes.