Which three Gas Laws are combined to create the Combined Gas Law equation?
A Boyle’s law, Dalton’s law, Charles’ law
B Charles’ law, Gay-Lussac’s law, Dalton’s law
C Gay-Lussac’s law, Boyle’s law, Charles’ law
D Avogadro’s law, Dalton’s law, Boyle’s law
E Dalton’s law, Boyle’s law, Gay-Lussac’s law
The correct answer and explanation is:
The correct answer is C: Gay-Lussac’s law, Boyle’s law, Charles’ law.
Explanation:
The Combined Gas Law combines the three fundamental gas laws that describe how gases behave under varying conditions of pressure, temperature, and volume. These three laws are:
- Boyle’s Law: Boyle’s law states that at constant temperature, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional. In other words, if the volume of a gas increases, its pressure decreases, and vice versa, provided the temperature remains the same. Mathematically, this is expressed as P1V1=P2V2P_1 V_1 = P_2 V_2, where PP is pressure and VV is volume.
- Charles’ Law: Charles’ law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. As temperature increases, the gas expands, and as the temperature decreases, the gas contracts. This is represented by the equation V1T1=V2T2\frac{V_1}{T_1} = \frac{V_2}{T_2}, where VV is volume and TT is temperature in Kelvin.
- Gay-Lussac’s Law: Gay-Lussac’s law states that at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature. As the temperature increases, so does the pressure, and as the temperature decreases, the pressure also decreases. The equation for this relationship is P1T1=P2T2\frac{P_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2}{T_2}, where PP is pressure and TT is temperature.
When combined, these three gas laws form the Combined Gas Law: P1V1T1=P2V2T2\frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}
This equation relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas sample before and after a change, allowing us to solve for any of these variables when the others are known.
The Combined Gas Law is a powerful tool for analyzing situations where the temperature, pressure, and volume of a gas all change simultaneously.