What two Islamic travelers/historians wrote about life in Mali?
The correct answer and explanation is:
The two Islamic travelers/historians who wrote about life in Mali are Ibn Battuta and Shaykh al-Sa‘di.
- Ibn Battuta (1304–1369) was a Moroccan scholar and traveler whose extensive journey across Africa, Asia, and Europe provided valuable insights into the social, cultural, and political conditions of the regions he visited. During his visit to Mali in the mid-14th century, Ibn Battuta described the empire’s administration, the city of Timbuktu, and the practices of Islam among the people. His travel writings, specifically the Rihla (Journey), offer a detailed account of Mali’s legal system, its rulers, and the role of Islam in daily life. He was impressed by the devoutness of the people but critical of some aspects, such as the behavior of certain scholars and judges in the region.
- Shaykh al-Sa‘di was a later historian and scholar from the 16th century. While his primary focus was on the history of the Songhai Empire, which succeeded the Mali Empire, his works still provide important historical context for understanding the transition from Mali’s decline to Songhai’s rise. He recorded the events surrounding the Mali Empire’s rulers, especially the reign of Mansa Musa, who is noted for his legendary pilgrimage to Mecca and his role in spreading Islam across West Africa. Shaykh al-Sa‘di’s writings emphasize the importance of Islamic culture, governance, and the influence of scholars and merchants in shaping the society of the region.
Both historians offer invaluable perspectives on the Mali Empire, its thriving cities, the wealth derived from trade, and its integration of Islamic principles in governance and daily life. Their accounts are crucial for understanding the golden age of West Africa and the spread of Islam in the region.