BLS AHA FOR HEALTHCARE PROVIDERS LATEST
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200+ QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES|AGRADE
How many compressions for an adult by a single rescuer? – ANSWER- 30
compressions
What is the proper hand placement for high quality chest compressions? –
ANSWER- Heel of one hand in the center of the chest (sternum)
Second hand on top overlapped and parallel
What is the proper depth of compression for high quality chest compressions on an
adult? – ANSWER- 2 inches
What is the compression rate for high quality chest compressions on an adult? –
ANSWER- At least 100 compressions per minute
What is the reason of allowing the chest to have proper recoil? – ANSWERAllows the heart to refill with blood between compressions
Interruptions during CPR should be kept to no longer than? – ANSWER- Keep
interruptions to less than 10 seconds
How many breaths should be delivered after initial compressions? – ANSWER- 2
Breaths
Each breath lasts 1 second
Each breath causes the chest to rise
Technique to deliver breaths from a single rescuer? – ANSWER- Mouth to mouth
Mouth to facial barrier
Mouth to mask
Technique to deliver breaths from two rescuers? – ANSWER- Bag-valve-mask
Continue CPR actions for a single rescuer until? – ANSWER- Victim starts to
move
Victim starts to breathe
AED arrives
Additional rescuers arrive on scene to take over CPR
OPA Indications – ANSWER- Airway management needed and no gag reflex
May be used for all age patients
OPA Sizing – ANSWER- Center of the lips to the angle of the jaw
Or
Corner of the lips to the ear lobe
OPA Placement – ANSWER- Insert upside down and rotate 180º (once past
tongue/soft palate)
Or
Insert sideways and rotate 90º (once past tongue/soft palate)
NPA Indications – ANSWER- Airway management where gag reflex may be
presento Use caution with head injured patients
Do not use if:
Suspected basilar skull fracture Suspected mid-face fracture
NPA Contraindications – ANSWER- Age < 1 year old
NPA Sizing – ANSWER- Diameter – Able to be inserted into selected nare/nostril
Length – Tip of the nose to the tragus of ear
Placement – ANSWER- Lubricate NPA with water-based lubricant
Ensure bevel of NPA faces septum
Right Nostril Insert NPA straight down
Left Nostril Insert NPA about halfway down, then rotate 180º
Continue insertiono Insertion is complete when flange of NPA rests on nose
Bag-Valve-Mask mask placement – ANSWER- “Pointed” end of mask (if
applicable) placed over nose
Bag-Valve-Mask Hand placement – ANSWER- Hold mask to face and create
adequate seal
Utilize E-C technique
Bag squeezed – ANSWER- Just enough to make chest rise
Approximately ½ the volume of the bag
Team member #1 responsibilities (compressor) – ANSWER- Provide high quality
chest compressions
Note if ventilations are effective / cause chest rise
Team member #2 responsibilities (ventilator) – ANSWER- Maintain an open
airway and give breaths
Note if chest compressions are of high quality
Changing positions during CPR? – ANSWER- Whenever the AED analyzes the
victim (BLS CPR)
Every 2 minutes / 5 cycles (ALS CPR)
When paramedic pauses CPR to see rhythm
AHA Recommendations on When to Utilize AED? – ANSWER- Immediate
application
4 Universal Steps for AED Use – ANSWER- Turn on AED
Apply Defibrillation Pads (Plug in if necessary)
Clear patient and allow AED to analyze
Clear patient and deliver defibrillation if necessary
Pad Placement – Adults – ANSWER- Right upper chest and left flank below nipple
line
or
Anterior – Posterior
AED Use – Shockable Rhythm – ANSWER- Apply pads
Allow AED to analyze (Do not touch patient)
Shockable Rhythm detected (AED begins charging)
PERFORM CHEST COMPRESSIONS WHILE AED IS CHARGING
Once fully charged
(Pause compressions, Deliver shock, Resume compressions)
Pulse Check After Defibrillation – ANSWER- Not performed
AED Use – “No Shock Advised” – ANSWER- First analyzation (Initial application)
- If no shock is advised, resume compressions immediately
Second and subsequent analyzations – If no shock advised, check breathing and
pulse. If no breathing and no pulse, resume CPR starting with compressions
If no breathing but pulse present
Initiate rescue breathing without compressions
Each Analyze Phase – ANSWER- During 2 minute cycle, perform quality CPR.
Sets of 30 compressions and 2 breathso
Do not stop till machine re-analyzes rhythm
AED Special Safety Considerations – ANSWER- Hairy Chest
Patient in Water or Wet
Automated Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillator
Transdermal Medication Patches
Child – ANSWER- Anyone from the age of 1 to the onset of puberty
Puberty – ANSWER- Chest or underarm hair on males
Any breast development on females
What is the proper hand placement for high quality chest compressions on a child? - ANSWER- One or two hands in the center of the chest
What is the proper compression rate for high quality chest compressions on a
child? – ANSWER- At least 100 compressions per minute
What is the proper depth of compression for high quality chest compressions on a
child? – ANSWER- 1/3 depth of chest, about 2 inches (5 cm)
What is the proper compression to ventilation ratio for high quality chest
compressions on a child? – ANSWER- Single rescuer – 30 compressions to 2
ventilations
Two or more rescuers – 15 compressions to 2 ventilations
Delivery of breaths in children requires? – ANSWER- Less volume and force