INR values below ____ increase stroke risk sixfold.
What allergy contradicts the use of thiazide diuretics?
Why should ACE-Is be avoided with renal stenosis?
Adverse effects of aldosterone antagonists (Aldactone)
What are beta blocker indications?
HTN, post-MI< angina, arrhythmias, migraine prophylaxis, hyperthyroidism
Grapefruit juice should be avoided in what 1st line antihypertensive medication?
Ipratropium bromide (anticholinergic)
1st line treatment for gonorrheal infections
Treatment of traveler’s diarrhea
What can increase the risk of tendon rupture when on a quinolone?
How long does ASA suppress platelet function?
What is the FDA category and dose of finasteride?
What drug category should not be given with warfarin?
When should routine screening for breast cancer start?
If a patient had only one dose of the hep B vaccine what is recommended?
Do not restart series; Start with 2nd dose
What is done if a patient has a tetanus-prone wound and an unknown vaccination status?
Administer immediate dose of Td and the teatnus immunoglobulin injection
If a person is vaccinated with pneumovax prior to 65 what is recommended?
Give a booster dose of pneumovax 5 years after initial dose
When should Zostavax be given?
How far apart should the varicella vaccines be given?
Common bacterial pathogen of otitis externa
What is cholesteatoma a complication of?
What indicates an abnormal Rinne test?
What kind of hearing loss is found with an abnormal Rinne if BC>AC?
A person can see 20 ft whereas normal vision can see 40
Common treatment of cerumenosis
What route should HIV esophageal candida infections
Where is a scabies rash located?
Interdigital webs and/or penis
Antibiotic treatment for human, dog, or cat bite
A herald patch or “Christmas tree” pattern is associated with what disease?
What class of meds are used to treat PHN?
What is the treatment for rosacea?
What areas of the body have thicker skin and call for higher potency steroids?
How do you check for pulsus paradoxus?
BP cuff and stethoscope and the apical pulse
What findings are associated with hypertensive retinopathy?
copper and silver wire arterioles, AV nicking
What findings are associated with diabetic retinopathy?
Neovascularization, microaneurysms, hard exudates, cotton wool spots
What class of anti-hypertensives are used for isolated HTN in the elderly?
What are some “hyper” side effects of thiazide diretics
hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hypertriglyceremia
At what age is a high cholesterol no longer considered a risk factor heart disease?
If a patient has an INR between 3-5, how should this be managed?
Skip 1 dose; decrease maintenance dose, check INR in 1-2 days until normal
If a patient has an INR between 5-9 how should this be managed?
Class I NYHA heart disease classification
No limitation of physical activity
Class II NYHA heart disease classification
Ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, exertional dyspnea
Class III NYHA heart disease classification
Marked limitation in physical activity
Class IV NYHA heart disease classification
What class of med lower triglycerides?
Should you lower a markedly high triglyceride level or cholesterol first?
Criteria for metabolic syndrome:
Abdominal obesity, HTN, hyperlipidemia, high triglycerides, high fasting glucose
What are characteristics of fatty liver disease?
Mild elevation of ALT & AST not associated with alocohol, meds, or viral hep in overweight patients
What is used to calculate PEF?
When treating a COPD patient with antibiotics what organism (s) must the antibiotic cover?
At what mm is a PPD considered positive with no risk factors?
At what mm is a PPD considered positive in HIV?
What class of medications is 1st line treatment for asthma prevention?
1st line treatment for severe asthmatic exacerbation
Why should patients have annual eye exams when on long-term steroids
increases the risk of cataracts and glaucoma