RN Pharmacology Online Practice
2019 A
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to
start a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following actions of
sucralfate should the nurse include in the teaching? – ANSWER
Forms a protective barrier over ulcers
Secretions by the parietal and chief cells, hydrochloric acid and pepsin, can
further irritate the ulcerated areas. Sucralfate, a mucosal protectant, forms a gellike substance that coats the ulcer, creating a barrier to hydrochloric acid and
pepsin.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new
prescription for methylprednisolone. Which of the following instructions should
the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) – ANSWER Blood
glucose levels will be monitored during therapy.
Avoid contact with people who have known infections.
Take the medication 1 hr before breakfast.
Decrease dietary intake of foods containing potassium.
Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of the medication.
Blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy is CORRECT. The nurse
should monitor the client for hyperglycemia while providing methylprednisolone
to the client. Glucocorticoids, such as methylprednisolone, increase serum
glucose levels and can require management with insulin or antihyperglycemics.
Avoid contact with people who have known infections is CORRECT. The nurse
should instruct the client to avoid exposure to infectious agents, such as contact
with those who have active infections or illnesses. Glucocorticoids, such as
methylprednisolone, depress the immune system, placing the client at an
increased risk for developing an infection.
Take the medication 1 hr before breakfast is incorrect. The nurse should instruct
the client to take the medication with food or milk to decrease gastrointestinal
upset.
Decrease dietary intake of foods containing potassium is incorrect. The nurse
should instruct the client to increase dietary intake of potassium-rich foods while
taking this medication. Glucocorticoids, such as methylprednisolone, deplete
potassium in the body, which manifests as hypokalemia.
Grapefruit juice can increase the effects of the medication is CORRECT. The nurse
should instruct the client that grapefruit and grapefruit juice can increase the
level of methylprednisolone in the body.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching about handling medication to a client who
is to continue taking oral transmucosal fentanyl raspberry-flavored lozenges on a
stick. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the
teaching? – ANSWER Store the unused medication sticks
in a storage container.
The nurse should instruct the client to store unused, used, or partially used
medication sticks in the safe storage container that comes in the kit when the
medication is initially prescribed.
A nurse is reviewing the ECG of a client who is receiving IV furosemide for heart
failure. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication
of hypokalemia? – ANSWER Presence of U-waves
The nurse should identify the presence of U-waves as a manifestation of
hypokalemia, an adverse effect of furosemide.
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is taking oral morphine and
decussate sodium. The nurse should instruct the client that taking the decussate
sodium daily can minimize which of the following adverse effects of morphine? –
ANSWER Constipation
Constipation is a common adverse effect of morphine that can be minimized by
taking docusate sodium, a stool softener that promotes easier evacuation of stool
by increasing water and fat in the intestine.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving mannitol via continuous IV
infusion. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse
effects? – ANSWER Bibasilar crackles
Mannitol, an osmotic diuretic, can precipitate heart failure and pulmonary
edema. Therefore, the nurse should recognize lung crackles as an indicator of a
potential complication and stop the infusion.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer and a new
prescription for famotidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? – ANSWER Report yellowing of the skin.
Famotidine can be hepatotoxic and cause jaundice. The nurse should instruct the
client to monitor for and report yellowing of the skin or eyes to the provider.