ATI Ostomy Care Exam Latest
2023 | Questions and Answers
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The surgically-created opening in the skin of the abdomen is
called a – Correct Answer – stoma. A stoma is the communicating
end of the bladder or bowel that is brought to the surface of the
abdomen. The location of the stoma depends upon the location of
the patient’s beltline, the location of any scars and skin folds,
where the damage is, and the type of ostomy surgery performed.
The stoma should be shiny, wet, and red in color, similar to the
mucous membranes of the mouth. A stoma can be round, oval, or
irregular in shape, and either protruding, flush with the skin, or
retracted.
A colostomy is created from the end of the large intestine to divert
waste from the digestive system. Three different colostomy types
can be formed from the gastrointestinal tract: – Correct Answer –
- End ( Hartmans pouch)
- Loop
- Double barrel
With an end colostomy, t – Correct Answer – 1. the damaged
section of the bowel is removed and the working end is brought
through the abdomen to the skin surface. - When a colostomy is intended to be permanent, an end stoma
is typically created. - A temporary colostomy may be performed to allow bowel rest
or healing, such as following tumor resection.
A common temporary colostomy surgery involves – Correct
Answer – leaving the distal portion of the colon in place, which is
oversewn for closure to create what is known as a Hartmann’s
pouch. Anastomosis of the severed portions of the colon may be
delayed for several reasons, including bowel inflammation or
tumor location.
With a loop colostomy, – Correct Answer – a loop of the bowel is
brought through the abdomen to the skin surface and temporarily
supported by a plastic bridge or rod. A transverse loop colostomy
is typically created as an emergency procedure to relieve an
intestinal obstruction or perforation. A communicating wall
remains between the proximal and the distal bowel. It has two
openings through the one stoma – the proximal end drains stool
while the distal portion drains mucus. The bridge can be removed
in 7 to 10 days. Transverse loop colostomies are typically
temporary.
Loop colostomy – Correct Answer –
With a double-barrel colostomy, – Correct Answer – Two separate
stomas are created. Both ends of the bowel are brought through
the abdomen to the skin surface as two separate sections.
Typically the distal colon is not removed but bypassed. The
proximal stoma, which is functional, diverts feces to the
abdominal wall. The distal stoma, or mucous fistula, expels
mucus from the distal colon.
An ostomy is an opening – Correct Answer – surgically created in
the abdominal wall to allow for the elimination of urine or feces.
Ostomy surgery is performed – Correct Answer – when a disorder
or an injury keeps the urinary or gastrointestinal system from
functioning properly.
Indications for ostomy surgery include: – Correct Answer –
congenital anomalies
bladder, colon, and rectal cancer
inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis)
inherited disorders such as familial adenomatous polyposis
obstruction of the ureter
stab or gunshot wounds to the abdomen
Depending on the disorder or injury, the ostomy may be
temporary, to allow for healing and a return to normal elimination,
or permanent. The three primary types of ostomy surgery are: –
Correct Answer – colostomy
ileostomy
urostomy