WGU C451/GNC2/1NC1 Integrated
Natural Sciences Module 5
Describe the difference between a pure substance and a mixture. – ✔✔Pure Substance is an
element or a compound; a substance with a fixed chemical composition. Mixture is a
combination of two or more pure substances.
Examples of Pure Substance – ✔✔Gold – Au Diamond (Carbon) – C Water – H₂0 Methane – CH₄
Examples of Mixtures – ✔✔Ocean Water Air Rock Alloy Fabric
Differentiate between a heterogeneous and homogeneous mixture – ✔✔Heterogeneous mixtureComponents unevenly distributed Homogeneous mixture- Components evenly distributed
examples of heterogeneous mixtures – ✔✔Fruit salad Noodle soup Macaroni & Cheese Rock
examples of homogeneous mixtures. – ✔✔Copper ring Ammonia Air (local, not all compared)
Define solution in science and provide several examples – ✔✔A homogeneous mixture in which
one component is present in a much larger amount than the other component(s). Generally, one
is dissolved into the other. Ex) Coffee Tea, Vinegar, Alloy
Solid – ✔✔A state of matter that has definite shape and a definite volume.
Liquid – ✔✔A state of matter that does not have a definite shape, but does have a definite
volume
Gas – ✔✔A state of matter that has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume.
Describe how adding heat to a substance affects the motion and arrangement of the particles. –
✔✔Particles start to move faster and expand. Solid to liquid to gas
Describe how removing heat from a substance affects the motion and arrangement of the
particles. – ✔✔Particles slow down and contract. Gas to liquid to solid
Explain what happens to the arrangement of water molecules when it melts – ✔✔molecules
begin to move around more and more and more and start to spread out.
Explain what happens to the arrangement of water molecules when it freezes – ✔✔molecules
slow down and become more compacted
Define elements. – ✔✔Any material that is made up of only one type of atom is classified as an
element. #of protons distinguishes one element from another
Location of a Proton – ✔✔Bound to a neutron at the atom’s center to form the atomic nucleus
Location of a Neutron – ✔✔Bound to a proton at the atom’s center to form the atomic nucleus
Location of an Electron – ✔✔in the mostly empty space surrounding the nucleus
Charge of a Proton – ✔✔+1
Charge of a Neutron – ✔✔0
Charge of an Electron – ✔✔-1
What are nucleons? – ✔✔A proton or a neutron
What is the difference between atomic number and mass number of an atom? – ✔✔Sum of
protons vs. Sum of protons and neutrons
Explain how you can determine the overall charge of an atom if you know the number of protons
and the number of electrons? – ✔✔Proton = +1 Electron = -1 Neutron= NO CHARGE
Explain what must be true of the number of protons and electrons in an electrically neutral atom.
- ✔✔The number of protons equals the number of electrons; There is no charge