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WGU D307 Educational Psychology & Development of Children &
Adolescents Study Guide
1.Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: physiological, safety, love/belonging,
esteem, self-actualization
2.gross motor skills: physical abilities involving large body movements,
such as walking and jumping
3.fine motor skills: physical abilities involving small body movements,
especially of the hands and fingers, such as drawing and picking up a
coin
4.Gessell’s Theory of Development: Distinct stages or sequences of
child de- velopment. Development is driven by both genetics and
environment.
5.Infancy Physical Development (0-2): Roll, Hold Head up, Crawl, Walk,
Feed Self, Run, Zipper
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6.Early Childhood Physical Development (2-6): Improvements in
gross/fine motor skills. Run, Hop, Tumble, Climb, Bead Strings,
Puzzles, Dress Self, Use Utensils.
7.Middle Childhood Physical Development (6-10): Slow and Steady
Weight/height gain, Adult teeth, Refinement of motor skills, play
organized sports
8.Adolescence Physical Development (10-18): Rapid Growth, Puberty,
Hor- mones, Girls stop growing and boys continue.
9.Piaget’s Theory: States that children actively construct their
understanding of the world and go through four stages of cognitive
development
10.Sensorimotor Stage (Piaget): 0-2. Sensations and perceptions. Master
object permanence. Emphasis on the senses: touch, vision, motor
(sucking and grasping)